水生植物的腐解过程及其影响因素研究进展  

Research progress on decomposition process of aquatic plants and the influencing factors

作　　者：黄法铭 孙宁 谢培 方源 乔飞[1] HUANG Faming;SUN Ning;XIE Pei;FANG Yuan;QIAO Fei(Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences,Beijing 100012,China;School of Resources and Environmental Science,Hubei University,Wuhan 430062,China)

机构地区：[1]中国环境科学研究院,北京100012 [2]湖北大学资源环境学院,武汉430062

出　　处：《生态学杂志》2023年第2期471-480,共10页Chinese Journal of Ecology

基　　金：环境监察执法与应急管理项目(211110214430021);衡水湖湖底地形及水动力水平衡调查项目(YTZ022003S18016)资助。

摘　　要：水生植物腐解会影响到自然水体水质、生态系统的稳定性、湿地的碳素与物质循环等,开展水生植物腐解研究对探究自然水体营养物质循环过程具有重要意义。本文围绕水生植物腐解研究进展、水生植物腐解机制、水生植物腐解的影响因素进行了综述。当前水生植物腐解研究的方向主要集中在水生植物腐解对环境的效应和影响腐解过程的因素,研究方法主要是分解袋法、室内分解培养法和稳定同位素探测法,水生植物腐解的环境效应主要体现在腐解过程造成的营养物质释放方面。通过水生植物腐解过程、元素迁移转化和腐解差异性分析发现,植物体的理化性质是影响腐解的决定因素,分解者群落的组成和活性是影响腐解的直接因素,水体的温度、溶解氧、营养物质浓度和底泥状况等环境因素是植物腐解的重要因素。水生植物的腐解过程受到多种因素的制约,对水生植物腐解过程中复合因素的作用进行探究,系统研究各个因素的耦合作用,是未来水生植物腐解研究的一个重要方向。The decomposition of aquatic plants can affect the quality of natural water, the stability of ecosystem, and the carbon and material cycling in wetlands. Understanding the decomposition of aquatic plants is of great significance to explore the nutrient cycling of natural water body. Here, we review the research progress, mechanism and influencing factors of aquatic plant decay. The current research directions on aquatic plant decomposition mainly focus on the effects of aquatic plant decomposition on the environment and the factors affecting the process of decomposition. The main research methods include litterbag method, indoor incubation method, and stable isotope probing method. The environmental effects of decomposition of aquatic plants are mainly reflected in nutrient release during decomposition. Through the analysis on decomposition process, element migration and transformation, and decomposition difference of aquatic plants, it is found that the physicochemical properties of plants are the decisive factors affecting decomposition. The composition and activity of decomposer community are the direct factors affecting decomposition, and environmental factors such as water temperature, dissolved oxygen, nutrient concentration and sediment condition are the important factors for plant decomposition. The decomposition process of aquatic plants is restricted by many factors. Analyzing the role of compound factors in the decomposition of aquatic plants and the coupling effect of all the factors is an important research direction of aquatic plant decomposition in the future.

关 键 词：水生植物 腐解 湿地 水质 

分 类 号：Q948.8[生物学—植物学]