废铅酸蓄电池资源回收行业技术与发展  

Current research and future trends of spent/discarded lead-acid batteries recycling technology

作　　者：张俊丰 陈彪 黄妍 曹靖[2] 吴光辉 ZHANG Junfeng;CHEN Biao;HUANG Yan;CAO Jing;WU Guanghui(College of Environment and Resources,Xiangtan University,Xiangtan 411105,China;College of Chemistry,Xiangtan University,Xiangtan 411105,China;Hunan Jiangye Electromechnical Technology Co.,LTD.,Shaoshan 411300,China)

机构地区：[1]湘潭大学环境与资源学院,湖南湘潭411105 [2]湘潭大学化学学院,湖南湘潭411105 [3]湖南江冶机电科技股份有限公司,湖南韶山411300

出　　处：《中国有色冶金》2023年第1期2-15,共14页China Nonferrous Metallurgy

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(52070159);湖南省高新技术产业科技创新引领计划(2021GK4061)。

摘　　要：废铅酸蓄电池的资源回收一直受到国家高度重视,其资源回收技术与装备也在不断进步与升级。本文介绍了再生铅行业的发展与技术装备进展,包括废铅酸蓄电池破碎分选、废铅膏资源回收等技术装备与发展,阐述了废铅酸蓄电池机械破碎分选、自动破碎分选、智能破碎分选的进化历程,重点陈述了废铅膏资源回收环节的高温熔炼、预脱硫-低温熔炼、免冶炼转化等技术的进步。废铅酸蓄电池资源回收技术与装备的系统性布局和模块化实施是行业技术装备进步的根本保障,智慧化和绿色化将是未来的发展趋势,废铅酸蓄电池智能破碎分选-废铅膏免熔炼短程制备铅基电源材料技术将有望引领行业的发展,适应“双碳”目标要求。The recycling of spent/discarded lead-acid batteries was highly regarded by the state for a long time, and the recycling technology and equipment have been also improved and upgraded constantly. The paper briefly introduced the technical status of the recycled lead industry, including crushing and separation of waste lead-acid batteries and recovery of waste lead paste resources, described the evolution process of mechanical, automatic and intelligent crushing and sorting of waste lead-acid batteries, and focused on the progress of high temperature smelting, pre-desulfurization and low temperature smelting, smelting-free conversion and other technologies in the recovery of waste lead paste resources. The systematic layout and modular implementation of waste lead-acid battery resource recovery technology and equipment is the fundamental guarantee for the progress of industrial technology and equipment, and intelligent and green conversion is the future development trend, and the technology of intelligent crushing and separation of spent lead-acid batteries and short-flow preparation of lead-based power supply materials from waste lead paste without melting is expected to lead the development of the industry and promote the realization of the carbon peaking and carbon neutrality goals.

关 键 词：废铅酸蓄电池 废铅膏 资源循环 湿法回收 熔炼 脱硫 干湿联合 

分 类 号：TF812[冶金工程—有色金属冶金] X758[环境科学与工程—环境工程]