基于“储反分离”的废铅酸蓄电池铅膏碳酸氢铵脱硫新方法研究  

Research of ammonium bicarbonate desulfurization for waste lead paste in lead-acid batteries based on“storage and reaction separation”

作　　者：黄妍 邹伟钊 麻洋 朱洪 张俊丰 曹靖 HUANG Yan;ZOU Weizhao;MA Yang;ZHU Hong;ZHANG Junfeng;CAO Jing(College of Environment and Resources,Xiangtan University,Xiangtan 411105,China)

机构地区：[1]湘潭大学环境与资源学院,湖南湘潭411105

出　　处：《中国有色冶金》2023年第1期24-31,共8页China Nonferrous Metallurgy

基　　金：湖南省战略性新兴产业科技攻关与重大科技成果转化项目“废铅锂储能设备处置及资源化利用技术研发与产业化”(2019GK4027);湖南省重点研发项目“铅膏铵法预脱硫技术装备研发及产业化”(2017SK2323)。

摘　　要：铅膏预脱硫是再生铅行业清洁生产技术的核心环节,现有碳酸钠脱硫工艺存在原料钠碱贵而产物硫酸钠价格较低的问题,使得铅膏脱硫环节经济效益差,严重阻碍该清洁工艺的推行。本文针对碳酸氢铵脱硫过程传质受阻和反应体系体积膨胀的两大难题,基于铅膏浆液“储存与反应分离”脱硫新思路,研制了同时具备液气分离和表面破壳双重作用的铵法脱硫新装置,优化了储浆罐流场和强制脱硫部件结构,考察了反应条件对脱硫效果的影响。试验结果表明,相较传统机械搅拌装置,储反分离与柔性粒子辅助铵法脱硫新装置的浆液体积膨胀率大幅减小,传质速率大幅提升,在铅膏浆液浓度高达40%~60%条件下,反应60 min,铅膏硫含量稳定低于0.5%,能很好适应铵法铅膏脱硫工业应用需求。以碳酸氢铵(NH_(4)HCO_(3))作脱硫剂有望大幅提高铅膏脱硫的经济效益,具有良好的应用前景。Pre-desulfurization of lead paste is the key process of clean production technology in recycled lead industry.Due to high price of raw material sodium carbonate and low price of the product sodium sulfate,the economic benefit of the existing sodium carbonate desulfurization of lead paste is poor,hindering the development of the clean process.For the problems of mass transfer hindrance and volume expansion of the reaction system,a new ammonium bicarbonate desulfurization device with liquid-gas separation and surface shell breaking has been designed and investigated based on the“storage and reaction separation”.The flow field of the slurry storage tank and the structure of forced desulfurization components were optimized,and the influence of reaction conditions on desulfurization efficiency was investigated.The results showed that the slurry volume expansion rate of the new device with flexible particle and“storage and reaction separation”was significantly reduced,and the mass transfer rate was greatly increased by comparing with the traditional device;the sulfur content of lead paste was kept to be lower than 0.5%after the reaction for 60 min under the high concentration of lead paste slurry(40%~60%),which could well meet the demand of industrial application of ammonium desulfurization of lead paste.Ammonium bicarbonate(NH_(4)HCO_(3))is expected as a new desulfurizer to greatly improve the economic benefit of lead paste desulfurization.

关 键 词：碳酸氢铵 铅膏 脱硫 储反分离 柔性粒子 储浆罐 传质 体积膨胀 

分 类 号：TF812[冶金工程—有色金属冶金] X758[环境科学与工程—环境工程]