不同保温层厚度下稀土电解槽电热场分析  

Electrothermal field analysis of rare earth electrolytic cell under different thickness of insulation layer

作　　者：逄启寿[1] 刘胜 万福兴 PANG Qishou;LIU Sheng;WAN Fuxing(School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering,Jiangxi University of Science and Technology,Ganzhou 341000,China)

机构地区：[1]江西理工大学机电工程学院,江西赣州341000

出　　处：《中国有色冶金》2023年第1期68-74,共7页China Nonferrous Metallurgy

摘　　要：目前,稀土熔盐电解法是制取稀土金属的主要工业生产方法之一,其中电解槽保温层是影响电解温度的重要条件之一。以赣州某企业8 kA稀土电解槽为研究对象,利用COMSOL软件进行模拟仿真,研究电解槽保温层厚度不同的情况下电解槽的温度场和电场参数,得到不同保温层厚度下电解槽温度场与电场的分布情况。结果表明:电解槽在电解过程中保温层壁面的温度差要远大于石墨坩埚壁面温度差,表明保温层在电解槽电解过程中起着主要的保温作用;随着保温层厚度的增大,电解区域的温度逐渐增加,温度梯度逐渐减小,温度场分布更均匀;电解槽的阴极表面电流密度先增大后减小,在保温层厚度为78 mm时,阴极表面电流密度达到最大值,即3.568×10^(4)A/m^(2),阴极表面电流密度越大则电解槽电解效率越高。结合电场和温度场分布结果得出,当电解槽保温层的厚度为78 mm时,电解槽的电解效率最高。At present,rare earth molten salt electrolysis is one of the main industrial production methods for producing rare earth metals,and the insulating layer of the electrolytic cell is one of the important conditions that affect the electrolytic temperature.An enterprise 8 kA in Ganzhou rare earth electrolytic cell as the research object,using COMSOL software to carry on the simulation,the temperature field and electric field under different thermal insulation layer thicknesses was studied to obtain the distribution of temperature field and thermal field of aluminum reduction cells.The results showed that the temperature difference between the insulation layer and the graphite crucible wall during the electrolytic process of the electrolytic cell was much greater than that of the graphite crucible wall,indicating that the insulation layer played a major role in the thermal insulation during the electrolytic process of the electrolytic cell;with the increase of the insulation layer thickness,the temperature in the electrolytic region increased gradually,the temperature gradient decreased gradually,and the temperature field distribution was more uniform;the current density on the cathode surface of the electrolytic cell increased firstly and then decreased;when the thickness of the insulation layer was 78mm,the current density on the cathode surface reached the maximum value,i.e.,3.568×10^(4) A/m^(2);the higher the current density on the cathode surface,the higher the electrolytic efficiency of the electrolytic cell.Combined with the distribution of electric field and temperature field,the electrolysis efficiency of electrolytic cell was the highest when the thickness of insulation layer was 78 mm.

关 键 词：稀土电解槽 保温层 厚度 数值模拟 电场 温度场 电解效率 钕 

分 类 号：TF845[冶金工程—有色金属冶金]