粉煤灰提取氧化铝研究进展  

Research development on extracting alumina from fly ash

作　　者：刘宸嘉 赵爱春[1] 李旭 赵梓 康丽[1] 曾淼[2] LIU Chenjia;ZHAO Aichun;LI Xu;ZHAO Zi;KANG Li;ZENG Miao(School of Materials Science and Engineering,Taiyuan University of Science and Technology,Taiyuan 030024,China;Key Laboratory of Ecological Metallurgy of Multi鄄metal Symbiosis Mine of Ministry of Education,Northeastern University,Shenyang 110819,China)

机构地区：[1]太原科技大学材料科学与工程学院,山西太原030024 [2]东北大学多金属共生矿生态化冶金教育部重点实验室,辽宁沈阳110819

出　　处：《中国有色冶金》2023年第1期75-83,共9页China Nonferrous Metallurgy

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(U1710257);山西省高等学校科技创新项目(2019L0656);太原科技大学博士启动基金(20142001);山西省基础研究计划资助项目(202103021224281);多金属共生矿生态冶金教育部重点实验室开放基金资助项目(2020003)。

摘　　要：我国铝土矿对外依存度高,粉煤灰作为富铝产品,如何从粉煤灰中回收铝是铝及煤化工行业关注的热点之一,粉煤灰提铝技术的开发对于改善环境、实现资源优化配置具有重要意义。本文分析了不同产地(内蒙古、山西、安徽、北京)的粉煤灰的物化性能,介绍了从粉煤灰提取氧化铝的技术进展,系统总结了碱法(碱烧结法和碱溶法)、酸法(硫酸浸出法、盐酸浸出法和硫酸氢铵法)、酸碱联合法及其他方法(碳热还原法、微波助溶法和生物浸出法)的工艺流程、原理及不足之处,调查了对大唐国际、蒙西集团、神华集团、华电集团等企业在粉煤灰提取氧化铝项目的产业化进展,并提出开发更加经济高效的工艺、铝尾渣的进一步资源化利用和其他有价金属的提取等建议。China’s bauxite is highly dependent on foreign countries.Due to fly ash as an aluminum-rich product,how to recycle aluminum from fly ash is one of the hotspots in the aluminum and coal chemical industry.The development of aluminum extraction technology from fly ash is of great significance for improving the environment and realizing the optimal allocation of resources.The physical and chemical properties of fly ash from different places(Inner Mongolia,Shanxi,Anhui and Beijing)were analyzed,the technical progress of extracting alumina from fly ash was introduced,and the technological processes,principles and shortcomings of alkali method(alkali sintering method and alkali dissolution method),acid method(sulfuric acid leaching method,hydrochloric acid leaching method and ammonium bisulfate method),acid-alkali combination method and other methods(carbothermal reduction method,microwave assisted dissolution method and biological leaching method)were systematically summarized.The industrial production progress of aluminum oxide extraction from fly ash by some enterprises in China was investigated,and suggestions were put forward to develop more economical and efficient processes and further realize resource utilization of aluminum tailings and extraction of other valuable metals.

关 键 词：粉煤灰 氧化铝 碱法 酸浸 酸碱联合 铝土矿 提取 

分 类 号：X758[环境科学与工程—环境工程] TF82[冶金工程—有色金属冶金]