粉煤灰盐酸法制备氧化铝对氟化氢气体吸附能力研究  

Study on adsorption capacity of gaseous hydrogen fluoride on alumina prepared from coal-fly ash

作　　者：白晓伟 BAI Xiaowei(Shenhua zhunneng Resources Comprehensive Development Co.,Ltd.,Ordos 010300,China)

机构地区：[1]神华准能资源综合开发有限公司,内蒙古鄂尔多斯010300

出　　处：《中国有色冶金》2023年第1期91-97,共7页China Nonferrous Metallurgy

摘　　要：本文基于目前工业上对含氟废气处理的方法-干法净化法,以某种国产拜耳法氧化铝和某种高铝粉煤灰盐酸法制备的氧化铝作为吸附剂,从预期的试验条件出发,自行设计、搭建、调试了一套静态吸附法试验装置,在实验室采用氟化氢体积浓度为5×10^(-2)%的混合气体,进行氧化铝的静态吸附试验。试验研究了吸附温度(25℃、80℃、95℃、110℃)和吸附时间(12 min、20 min、30 min、45 min、60 min)对2种氧化铝吸附氟化氢过程的影响。采用氟离子选择电极法测量吸附反应后载氟氧化铝中的氟含量,通过氧化铝的载氟量计算吸附过程的累计平均吸附效率。对某种粉煤灰氧化铝和某种国产拜耳法氧化铝的氟化氢吸附能力进行对比研究,不同温度下,2种氧化铝的载氟量随时间曲线呈现不同的规律。对于拜耳法氧化铝,在吸附前期110℃时,氧化铝对氟化氢的吸附速度快于其他反应温度,110℃时100 g Al_(2)O_(3)3的饱和吸附量为3.06 g HF;对于粉煤灰酸法氧化铝,吸附前期95℃时的吸附速度最快,95℃时100 g Al_(2)O_(3)的饱和吸附量为2.94 g HF。The research topic is proposed on the basis of modern dry scrubbing technology for the treatment of fluoride-containing gas fume generated during aluminum electrolysis process.Two alumina samples are chosen as the absorbents for hydrogen fluoride gas in the laboratory adsorption experiments,respectively,one is a certain kind of domestic Bayer alumina while the other is a kind of alumina produced from coal fly ash.Firstly,a new setup of apparatus is designed and assembled to meet up the requirements for the static adsorption method for the investigation of hydrogen fluoride capacity on alumina.The influences of temperature and contact time on the adsorption process are carried out under 4 different temperatures of 25℃,80℃,95℃,110℃and 5 time intervals of 12 min,20 min,30 min,45 min,60 min.The fluoride ion selective electrode method is employed for the determination of fluorine content in the reacted alumina,which is then used to calculate the average accumulated adsorption efficiency.Through the investigation of these two alumina samples,it is found that the adsorption capacity of hydrogen fluoride on the two kinds of alumina behaves slightly different.For the tested Bayer alumina,the adsorption rate under 110℃is the fastest among all the tested temperatures in the early state of the adsorption process,the saturated adsorption capacity at 110℃is 3.06 g HF/100 g Al_(2)O_(3).While for the alumina manufactured from the coal fly ash,the fastest early stage adsorption rate appears at 95℃,and the saturated adsorption capacity at 95℃reaches up to 2.94 g HF/100 g Al_(2)O_(3).

关 键 词：铝电解 干法净化 氟化氢 氧化铝 吸附 饱和吸附量 吸附剂 

分 类 号：X758[环境科学与工程—环境工程] TF821[冶金工程—有色金属冶金]