固体绝缘子的真空沿面闪络研究  

Review of surface flashover and surface charge behavior of vacuum insulators

作　　者：何友辉 陈洪斌[2] 李飞[2] 宋法伦[2] He Youhui;Chen Hongbin;Li Fei;Song Falun(Graduate School of China Academy of Engineering Physics,Mianyang,621900;Institute of Applied Electronics,CAEP,Mianyang 621999,China)

机构地区：[1]中国工程物理研究院研究生院,四川绵阳621900 [2]中国工程物理研究院应用电子学研究所,四川绵阳621999

出　　处：《强激光与粒子束》2023年第3期135-144,共10页High Power Laser and Particle Beams

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51907182)。

摘　　要：针对在高压设备中因沿面闪络现象而发生绝缘失效的问题,对沿面闪络现象中的基础特性测量手段、影响因素及其发生机制等关键问题进行了归纳总结,介绍了目前关于沿面闪络观测手段及其影响因素研究的主要进展,并对沿面闪络过程的具体机制以及表面电荷在沿面闪络过程中扮演的作用进行讨论。其中,外在因素、电极-介质界面层因素以及真空-介质表面层因素等三大类因素在影响沿面闪络的同时也对表面电荷积聚消散造成影响,其具体机制各不相同。在沿面闪络的主流机制中,SEEA理论较完整地阐述了沿面闪络的起始过程,ETPR理论则对沿面闪络的发展过程有着更好的解释。此外,表面电荷为沿面闪络发生提供了必要电荷,其积累与消散行为对沿面闪络发展起着决定性作用。开发能够实现低二次电子发射系数与高表面电导的绝缘材料及表面改性技术将是该领域未来重点研究方向。Aiming at the insulation failure caused by surface flashover phenomenon in high voltage equipment,this paper summarizes the key issues such as basic characteristic measurement means,influencing factors and occurrence mechanism of surface flashover phenomenon.In this paper,the main research progress of surface flashover observation methods and their influencing factors are introduced,and the specific mechanism of surface flashover process and the role of surface charge in the process of surface flashover are discussed.Among them,the external factors,the electrode-medium interface layer factor and the vacuum-medium surface layer factor affect the surface flashover as well as the surface charge accumulation and dissipation,and the specific mechanism is different.In the mainstream mechanism of surface flashover,the SEEA theory has a complete description of the initial process of surface flashover,while the ETPR theory has a better explanation of the development process of surface flashover.In addition,surface charge provides the necessary charge for the generation of flashover along the surface,and its accumulation and dissipation play a decisive role in the development of flashover along the surface.Developing insulating materials with low secondary electron emission coefficient and high surface conductance and surface modification technology will be the key research direction in this field in the future.

关 键 词：沿面闪络 表面电荷 二次电子雪崩发射 电子极化松弛 

分 类 号：TM214[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]