全功率变换风电机组的电压源控制(二):电网故障穿越控制与保护  

Voltage Source Control of Wind Turbine Generators With Full-scale Converters(Part II):Control and Protection of Grid Fault Ride-through

作　　者：秦垚 王晗[1] 杨志千 邓桢彦 杨仁炘 敬双 张建文[1] 蔡旭[1] QIN Yao;WANG Han;YANG Zhiqian;DENG Zhenyan;YANG Renxin;JING Shuang;ZHANG Jianwen;CAI Xu(Key Laboratory of Control of Power Transmission and Conversion(Shanghai Jiao Tong University),Ministry of Education,Minhang Distirct,Shanghai 200240,China;Xinjiang Goldwind Science&Technology Co.,Ltd.,Daxing District,Beijing 100176,China)

机构地区：[1]电力传输与功率变换控制教育部重点实验室(上海交通大学),上海市闵行区200240 [2]新疆金风科技股份有限公司,北京市大兴区100176

出　　处：《中国电机工程学报》2023年第2期530-542,共13页Proceedings of the CSEE

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2019YFE0104800)。

摘　　要：电压源风电机组可实现对电网频率和电压的自主快速支撑,是构建新型电力系统的关键装备。惯性同步控制方法通过直流母线电压对电网频率的自主感知同步电网和进行频率响应,是实现电压源风电机组的一种有效方法。然而,当电网暂态故障时,网侧变换器因输出功率受限无法控制直流母线电压稳定,打破了直流母线电压感知电网频率的机制,使得网侧变换器与电网失去同步;此外,惯性同步控制方法无电流内环,在暂态故障下容易出现过电流导致机组因自我保护而退出运行。针对上述问题,该文提出一种应对电网故障的电压源风电机组控制策略,具备暂态故障期间网侧变换器对电网同步的能力,采用电网电压和直流电压复合判断法控制同步环节准确切换,通过电压电流级联控制结构和虚拟阻抗自适应调节器有效抑制了暂态过电流,搭建了2.3MW永磁直驱风电机组的Bladed+RTDS硬件在环实验平台,验证了所提控制策略的有效性。Voltage source controlled wind turbine generators(VSC-WTGs)can provide independent and rapid support for grid frequency and voltage,which are the key equipment to construct a new power system.The inertialsynchronization control method(ISCM)synchronizes the power grid and performs frequency response through the autonomous sensing of the DC-link voltage to the grid frequency,which is an effective way to implement VSCWTGs.However,when the grid transient faults occur,the stable control of the DC-link voltage cannot be realized due to the limited output power of the grid-side converter(GSC),which breaks the mechanism of the ISCM,resulting in the GSC being out of synchronization with the grid.In addition,the ISCM has no current inner loop,of which the transient overcurrent problem is prone to take place,leading to the WTG being out of operation.To solve the above problems,this paper proposes a control strategy for VSC-WTGs to cope with grid faults,which can synchronize the GSC with the grid during transient faults.The accurate switching of the synchronization loops is achieved by using the grid voltage and DC-link voltage composite judgment method.And the transient overcurrent is effectively suppressed through the voltage and current cascaded control structure and adaptive virtual impedance regulator.Finally,a 2.3MW PMSG-based WTG model is built on the Bladed+RTDS hardware-in-loop experimental platform to verify the effectiveness of the proposed control strategy.

关 键 词：永磁直驱风电机组 电压源控制 惯性同步 频率感知 暂态电流抑制 自适应虚拟阻抗 

分 类 号：TM77[电气工程—电力系统及自动化]