基于线粒体COII和ND4基因序列的塔里木裂腹鱼群体遗传多样性分析  

Genetic diversity analysis of Schizothorax biddulphi based on mitochondrial DNA COII and ND4 genes

作　　者：任永丽 代金彩 赵年桦 赵贺 魏杰[1] 聂竹兰[1] REN Yongli;DAI Jincai;ZHAO Nianhua;ZHAO He;WEI Jie;NIE Zhulan(College of Animal Science and Technology,Tarim University,Alar 843300,China)

机构地区：[1]塔里木大学动物科学与技术学院,新疆阿拉尔843300

出　　处：《水产学报》2022年第12期2274-2285,共12页Journal of Fisheries of China

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(31560721,31860729);新疆生产建设兵团中青年科技创新领军人才计划项目(2018CB033);中国海洋大学-塔里木大学联合基金项目(ZHYLH201902);塔里木大学校长基金创新研究团队项目(TDZKCX202204);华中农业大学塔里木大学科研合作联合基金项目(TDHNLH201702、2662017PY118)。

摘　　要：为探究塔里木裂腹鱼群体遗传多样性和遗传分化现状,实验选用车尔臣河、克孜勒河和阿克苏河3个不同地理种群的塔里木裂腹鱼共计126尾样本,进行线粒体DNA COII和ND4基因序列的对比分析,探讨2种标记对塔里木裂腹鱼遗传多样性分析结果的差异和关系。结果显示,塔里木裂腹鱼线粒体DNA COII和ND4基因序列的A+T含量均高于G+C含量,碱基组成具有偏倚性。基于线粒体DNA COII和ND4基因序列分析,3个群体126个样本中分别确定了6个和23个单倍型,其中线粒体DNA COII基因序列中存在共享单倍型现象,ND4基因序列中未发现共享单倍型。2种标记下群体的单倍型多样性和核苷酸多样性分别为0.738±0.019/0.904±0.014和0.02129±0.00298/0.04876±0.00149,呈现出高单倍型多态性和高核苷酸多态性的特征。2种标记的分子方差分析(AMOVA)均表明,在所有群体中遗传变异主要来源于群体间,且车尔臣河群体的塔里木裂腹鱼与其他2个群体的遗传分化均达到显著水平。贝叶斯法(BI)构建的BI树与单倍型网络图结构一致,塔里木裂腹鱼形成了2个分支。COII和ND4基因序列的岐点分布图均呈现双峰型,表明塔里木裂腹鱼现在的分布是先前分化种群发生二次交流的结果。研究表明,塔里木裂腹鱼已分化出2个明显的地理种群,建议在进行种质资源保护以及开发利用时将车尔臣河群体作为一个单独的种群管理。In order to explore the genetic diversity and genetic differentiation status of Schizothorax biddulphi,three different geographic populations of S.biddulphi in the Qarqan River,Kizil River,and Aksu Rivers were selected as the research objects.The mitochondrial DNA COII and ND4 gene sequences of 126 samples were compared and analyzed,and the differences and relationships between the two kinds of markers on the genetic diversity analysis results of S.biddulphi were discussed.The results showed that the A+T contents of the mitochondrial DNA COII and ND4 gene sequences of S.biddulphi were higher than the G+C contents,and the base composition was biased.Based on mitochondrial DNA COII and ND4 gene sequence analysis,6 and 23 haplotypes were identified in 126 samples.In the mitochondrial DNA COII gene sequence,there were shared haplotypes in the three populations.In the mitochondrial DNA ND4 gene sequence,no shared haplotypes were found among the three populations.Based on the two kinds of markers,the haplotype diversity and nucleotide diversity of the three populations are 0.738±0.019/0.904±0.014 and 0.02129±0.00298/0.04876±0.00149,respectively.S.biddulphi is characterized by high haplotype polymorphism and high nucleotide polymorphism.The analysis of molecular variances(AMOVA)of the two kinds of markers showed that the genetic variation mainly came from the groups in all populations.Moreover,the genetic differentiation between the Qarqan River population and the other two populations reached a significant level(P<0.05).The BI tree constructed by Bayesian method(BI)is consistent with the haplotype network diagram,and S.biddulphi formed two branches.The mismatch distribution of the COII and ND4 gene sequences showed both bimodal pattern.This result indicates that the current distribution of S.biddulphi is the result of a second exchange between previously differentiated populations.The results also indicated that S.biddulphi had differentiated into 2 distinct geographic populations.In addition,when our research grou

关 键 词：塔里木裂腹鱼 遗传多样性 线粒体DNA COII ND4 

分 类 号：S917.4[农业科学—水产科学]