卵黄抗体对凡纳滨对虾生长、免疫及抗VpAHPND感染的影响  

Effect of IgY on the growth,immunity and resistance to VpAHPND infection of Litopenaeus vannamei

作　　者：王仁宝 史成银[2] 宋晓玲[2] 王一婷 张惠芬 任宁欣 谢国驷[2] 张庆利[2] WANG Renbao;SHI Chengyin;SONG Xiaoling;WANG Yiting;ZHANG Huifen;REN Ningxin;XIE Guosi;ZHANG Qingli(College of Fisheries and Life Science,Shanghai Ocean University,Shanghai 201306,China;Key Laboratory of Maricultural Organism Disease Control,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes,Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology(Qingdao),Qingdao Key Laboratory of Mariculture Epidemiology and Biosecurity,Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences,Qingdao 266071,China;College of Fisheries and Life Science,Dalian Ocean University,Dalian 116023,China)

机构地区：[1]上海海洋大学水产与生命学院,上海201306 [2]中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所,农业农村部海水养殖病害防治重点实验室,青岛海洋科学与技术试点国家实验室海洋渔业科学与食物产出过程功能实验室,青岛市海水养殖流行病学与生物安保重点实验室,山东青岛266071 [3]大连海洋大学水产与生命学院,辽宁大连116023

出　　处：《水产学报》2022年第12期2409-2420,共12页Journal of Fisheries of China

基　　金：农业农村部国际合作交流项目;国家自然科学基金(31802342);中国水产科学研究院基本科研业务费专项(2020TD39)。

摘　　要：为探讨特异性卵黄抗体抗致急性肝胰腺坏死病副溶血性弧菌(Vibrio parahaemolyticus associated with acute hepatopancreatic necrosis disease,VpAHPND)感染的效果及其机制,防控对虾急性肝胰腺坏死病,本实验以添加不同剂量VpAHPND卵黄抗体制剂(0、0.2%和0.5%)的饲料投喂凡纳滨对虾幼虾,测定对虾的生长率和存活率、对虾肝胰腺免疫酶活性和免疫基因相对表达水平,通过浸浴感染实验测定免疫对虾抗VpAHPND感染的能力。生长实验结果显示,免疫28 d后,免疫组与未添加卵黄抗体制剂的对照组对虾在平均生长速率、特定生长速率和存活率方面均无显著性差异。免疫功能结果显示,免疫14 d后,与对照组相比,0.2%免疫组对虾肝胰腺的酚氧化酶(PO)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、溶菌酶(LZM)活性显著升高,抗菌肽(Crustin)基因的相对表达水平也显著升高,而β-1,3-葡聚糖结合蛋白—脂蛋白(β-GBP-HDL)基因的相对表达水平则显著降低。浸浴感染实验结果显示,0.2%免疫组对虾的存活率显著高于对照组;0.2%VpAHPND卵黄抗体制剂对凡纳滨对虾的相对免疫保护率为63.77%。研究表明,口服卵黄抗体不会对凡纳滨对虾的生长和存活产生不良影响,0.2%的VpAHPND卵黄抗体制剂通过提升凡纳滨对虾的PO、SOD、LZM活性和抗菌肽基因的表达水平,增强凡纳滨对虾的免疫功能,从而提高对虾抗VpAHPND感染的能力,具有很强的应用潜力。本研究为使用特异性卵黄抗体防控AHPND提供了依据,也为其作用机制研究提供了参考。Acute hepatopancreatic necrosis disease(AHPND)is the major bacterial disease of cultured shrimps,mainly caused by Vibrio parahaemolyticus associated with acute hepatopancreatic necrosis disease(VpAHPND).The aim of this study was to explore the anti-AHPND effect and its mechanism of immunoglobulin of yolk(IgY).Different doses of VpAHPND IgY agent(0,0.2%and 0.5%)were added to shrimp feeds and immunized the juvenile L.vannamei for 28 d.The growth rate and survival rate of the juveniles,the activity of immune enzymes and the relative expression level of immune genes in shrimp hepatopancreas were measured.The resistance to VpAHPND infection of immunized juveniles was determined by the immersion infection.The growth experiment results showed that after 28 d of immunization,there was no significant difference in the average growth rate,specific growth rate and survival rate of the juveniles between the immunized group and the control group.The immune function test results showed that after 14 d of immunization,compared with the control group,the 0.2%immunized group(0.2%IgY agent)generated significantly higher enzyme activities for phenoloxidase(PO),superoxide dismutase(SOD)and lysozyme in the hepatopancreas.The relative expression level of antibacterial peptide(Crustin)gene was also significantly increased,while the relative expression level ofβ-1,3-glucan binding protein-lipoprotein(β-GBP-HDL)gene was significantly reduced in the 0.2%IgY agent group.The results of the immersion infection showed that the survival rate of the juveniles in the 0.2%IgY agent group was significantly higher than that of the control group,and the relative percentage of survival(RPS)of 0.2%IgY agent was 63.77%.In conclusion,oral administration of VpAHPND IgY agent will not adversely affect the growth and survival of L.vannamei.The 0.2%IgY agent can significantly enhance the immune function of L.vannamei by increasing the enzyme activities of PO,SOD,LZM and the expression level of Crustin gene,thereby improving the ability of shrimps to resis

关 键 词：凡纳滨对虾 卵黄抗体 生长性能 急性肝胰腺坏死病 免疫应答 基因表达 

分 类 号：S945.1[农业科学—水产养殖]