门阀政治传统与陈朝的王朝建构  

The Political Tradition of the Aristocracy and the Construction of the Chen Dynasty

作　　者：李磊[1] LI Lei

机构地区：[1]华东师范大学历史学系,200241

出　　处：《历史教学问题》2022年第6期44-51,205,共9页History Research And Teaching

基　　金：上海市哲学社会科学规划项目“国家与社会关系视野下东晋南朝的江南文化”(2019BLS006)阶段性成果。

摘　　要：陈朝成立于“天下分崩”之际,政权性质与东晋、宋、齐、梁有别,但陈霸先及其后继者仍然延续门阀体制,这与门阀传统在易代之际的政治作用有关。陈霸先镇守京口时期,因维系门阀秩序而得以与之初步结合。这一关系影响了陈霸先建立陈朝的路径选择。袭杀王僧辩后,陈霸先留用王僧辩掾属撰写霸府及梁敬帝朝廷的表、诏、策、玺书等文书,以合乎程序的方式推进易代。同时以高门士族充任府中长史、司马、户曹等掾属,出任尚书、门下、中书、散骑诸机构的长官,并由其掌控选举。陈霸先以保障高门士族政治利益的方式,获得他们“笃诚奉上”的拥戴。易代后,门阀政治传统为陈武帝、陈文帝所利用,以之为选官原则安顿“梁时旧仕”及“军勋”两个群体。由此可知,门阀传统在约束易代之际的政治运行的同时,深刻地参与到陈朝的王朝建构。The Chen Dynasty was founded at the time of the"disintegration of the world".The nature of the regime was different from that of the Eastern Jin,Song,Qi,and Liang Dynasties.However,Chen Baxian and his successors continued the aristocratic system,which was related to the political role of the aristocracy tradition at the time of dynastic change.During the period when Chen Baxian was guarding Jingkou,he first connected with the aristocratic system.This connection affected Chen Baxian’s path choice in establishing the Chen Dynasty.After attacking and killing Wang Sengbian,Chen Baxian retained Wang Sengbian’s subordinate to write memorandums,edicts,policies,seals and other documents of his official residence and the imperial court of Emperor Liang Jing,driving the dynastic change in a procedural manner.At the same time,the noble gentry served as Zhangshi,Sima,Hucao and other officials in the government,became the chief of Shangshu,Menxia,Zhongshu,Sanqi and other institutions,and controlled the election.Chen Baxian won the support of the noble gentry by protecting their political interests.After the change of the dynasty,the political tradition of the aristocracy was used by Emperor Chen Wu and Emperor Chen Wen,and the two groups of"old officials of the Liang Dynasty"and"military heroes"were pacified.The tradition of aristocracy not only restricted the political operation during the dynastic change,but also affected the construction of the Chen Dynasty.

关 键 词：陈朝 门阀政治传统 王朝建构 

分 类 号：K239.14[历史地理—历史学]