边疆文化与中华民族国家建设的学术实践——李安宅宗教论述再探  

Frontier Culture and the Academic Practice of Chinese Nation-State Construction——Re-explored on Li Anzhai’s Religious Discourse

作　　者：李正元[1] 马晓庆 LI Zheng-yuan;MA Xiao-qing

机构地区：[1]兰州大学,甘肃兰州730000

出　　处：《青海民族研究》2022年第4期145-150,共6页Qinghai Journal of Ethnology

基　　金：兰州大学中央高校项目“民国甘肃地区人类学本土话语建构特征和贡献”(批准号:2020jbkyzy024);2022年甘肃省民委一般项目“抗战时期边疆教育论述在铸牢中华民族共同体意识中的作用研究”;国家社科基金专项“中国陆地边境中华文化建设与传播研究”(批准号:22VMZ012)阶段性成果。

摘　　要：20世纪30—40年代,边疆研究学者在抗战大背景下进行西部宗教调查和研究。在此情景下,李安宅不仅深入调查宗教,而且以宗教适应论、宗教体用论、族教分离论和宗教运用论等全面阐述其宗教理论,且直接将宗教论述所体现的文化理论与国家建设的关系放在其论述的重要位置。宗教作为文化的重要组成部分,在理解区域文化协作、中华文化秩序、国家文化整合和国民意识培育中有重要的价值,因而跟中华民族国家建设息息相关。他的宗教论述贯通“一中有多,多中有一”的中华复合文化观。这种文化观表达的是用国家文化建设来营造超越血缘、宗教和群体的整体秩序,重塑具有个性、适应社会和国家需求的健全国民,陶铸全国的理想。如此,李安宅宗教论述的价值不仅在宗教和边疆研究有重要的贡献,更在边疆文化与国家建设方面有独特的思考。此外,基于宗教论述所拓展的区域文化和国家建设研究中对宗教中国化具体路径、中华文化特性和国家认同的研究方面仍然有启发意义。In the 1930s and 1940s, scholars of frontier studies conducted western religious investigations and research in the context of the anti-war effort to construct the nation. In this context, Li Anzhai not only investigated religion in depth, but also comprehensively elaborated his theory of religion with theory of religious adaptation, theory of religious body and use, theory of separation of religion and ethnic, and directly placed the relationship between cultural theory embodied in religious discourse and nation-building at the forefront of his discourse. As an essential part of culture, religion has an important value in understanding regional cultural collaboration, Chinese cultural order, national cultural integration and the cultivation of national consciousness, and is therefore closely related to the building of the Chinese nation state. His discourse on religion is a thread of the Chinese composite cultural concept of "many in one and one in many". This view of culture expresses the ideal of using national cultural construction to create a holistic order that transcends lineage,religion and community, to reshape a sound nation with individuality and adaptability to the needs of society and the state, and to forge a national identity. In this way, the value of Li Anzai’s religious discourse is not only an important contribution to the study of religion and the frontier, but also a unique reflection on frontier culture and nation-building. Moreover, the study of regional culture and nation-building expanded on the basis of the religious discourse remains instructive in terms of the specific path of religious Chinese-ization,Chinese cultural identity and national identity.

关 键 词：宗教适应论 宗教体用论 族教分离论 宗教运用论 

分 类 号：C95[社会学—民族学]