超越类型基于力流变形的建筑与结构设计思维  

Beyond Prototypes Structural and Architectrual Design Thinking Based on the Variations of Force Flows

作　　者：曹婷 王帅中 CAO Ting;WANG Shuaizhong

机构地区：[1]哈尔滨工业大学(深圳) [2]苏黎世联邦理工学院建筑系

出　　处：《时代建筑》2022年第5期66-71,共6页Time + Architecture

摘　　要：在建筑设计中,结构往往以选型的方式出现在设计过程的最后阶段.有限的、预设的结构类型不但限制了设计的丰富性与创新性,也难以参与到建筑设计的概念形成阶段,使得结构仅仅成为支撑起建筑形式的附庸.文章针对建筑设计的概念阶段,为广大的建筑学院师生以及从业建筑师提供一种建筑语境下的新的结构设计思维方式.这种思维方式基于结构背后共通的力学平衡原理,以抽象化、图示化的力流(力的传递路径)作为媒介,将结构的平衡关系与建筑的构成关系融合关联起来,并通过对力流图示的变形操作来寻找与建筑概念最为相符的结构承重方式.文章同时精选了两组案例,以力流变形为线索,分析对比了它们各自在结构原理上的相似性以及建筑呈现效果上的差异性,进一步说明了基于同样的结构逻辑与操作手法,如何在结构平衡与建筑构成的两个层面同时进行变化创新,打破类型的界限,从而使得结构的技术理性与建筑的艺术性得以从本质上融合呼应。The Structure is normally introduced into the architectural design at the final design phase as a predefined typology.But the limited structural typology not only leads to constraints on design variety but also makes structure becomes an appendant of architecture.This paper provides a new design approach for architects and students to integrate architecture and structure in the early design phase..This approach is based on the same equilibrium logic of different types of structures,merging architectural composition and structural equilibrium through a structural diagram-force flows,to search for structural forms integrated with architectural concepts.This paper introduces two groups of examples,comparing their similarities and differences in architectural appearance and structural behavior,Through these examples,it explains how to break down the limitation of structural typology by creating new structural equilibrium and architectural composition at the same time,thus merging structural logic and architectural aesthetics at the early design phase.

关 键 词：力流 结构类型 结构平衡 建筑构成 

分 类 号：TU201.1[建筑科学—建筑设计及理论] TU311.1