皂角传统炮制工艺探析  

Probe into the Traditional Processing Technology of Gleditsiae Sinensis Fructus

作　　者：于大猛[1] 马春 YU Da-meng;MA Chun(Institute of Basic Research in Clinical Medicine,China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences,Beijing 100700,China;Department of Pharmacy,Beijing Vocational College of Health,Beijing 101101,China)

机构地区：[1]中国中医科学院中医临床基础医学研究所,北京100700 [2]北京卫生职业学院药学系,北京101101

出　　处：《现代中药研究与实践》2022年第6期94-98,共5页Research and Practice on Chinese Medicines

基　　金：中国中医科学院科技创新工程项目(CI2021A00415)。

摘　　要：运用文献考证与古法重现相结合的方法,对皂角与皂角子的传统炮制工艺进行研究。结果表明,皂角去皮的目的是去除非药用部位,刮皮的方法以水浸后刮为优,无粉末飞起,对操作者刺激性小。皂角炙后再去皮的方法容易伤及果肉,损耗大。酥炙法规定了皂角与酥油的比例为2∶1。皂角去皮后煎膏可作为赋型剂。皂角子去除种皮需小火慢煮,手工剥皮效率低,用铁筛网搓揉较好。皂角子炒黄指将种子炒爆,胚芽爆出呈黄色。古人用皂角子煎胶作为赋型剂的经验值得重视。现行2020年版《中国药典》及地方炮制规范中皂角的炮制仅涉及切制,限制了皂角的应用,应重视皂荚丸及皂角子胶的开发利用。The traditional processing technology of Gleditsia sinensis fructus was studied by using the method of literature research and ancient method reproduction.The results show that the purpose of peeling is to remove non medicinal parts.The method of scraping is better after water immersion.There is no powder flying,and it is less irritating to the operator.The method of peeling Gleditsia sinensis fructus after fire roasting is easy to hurt the pulp and cause great loss.The butter roasting method stipulates that the ratio of saponin seeds to butter is 2∶1.The decocting ointment of Gleditsia sinensis fructus can be used as a molding agent.Processing of Gleditsiae sinensis seed:the seed coat need to be boiled over low heat for a long time.The efficiency of manual peeling is low,and it is better to knead with iron screen.Frying Gleditsia sinensis seeded into yellow refers to crack-fry the seeds,and the germ is yellow.The experience of the ancients in using the decocting gum of Gleditsia sinensis seeds as a molding agent deserves attention.In the current 2020 edition of Chinese Pharmacopoeia and local processing specifications,the processing of Gleditsia sinensis fructus only involved cutting,which limited the application of Gleditsia sinensis fructus.Attention should be paid to the development and utilization of Gleditsia sinensis pill and Gleditsia gum.

关 键 词：皂角 皂角子 去皮 酥炙 皂荚丸 皂角子胶 

分 类 号：R283.3[医药卫生—中药学]