基于主茎力学特性的大豆种质资源抗倒伏性分析  

Analysis of Lodging Resistance of Soybean Germplasm Resources Based on Mechanical Properties of Main Stem

作　　者：刘明[1] 王贞杰 孙亚男[1] 赵彩桐 韩德志[2] 李文滨[1] 姜振峰[1] LIU Ming;WANG Zhen-jie;SUN Ya-nan;ZHAO Cai-tong;HAN De-zhi;LI Wen-bin;JIANG Zhen-feng(Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology in Chinese Ministry of Education/Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology and Genetics Breeding of Chinese Agriculture Ministry,Northeast Agricultural University,Harbin 150030,China;Heihe Branch of Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Heihe 164300,China)

机构地区：[1]东北农业大学大豆生物学教育部重点实验室/农业农村部东北大豆生物学与遗传育种重点实验室,黑龙江哈尔滨150030 [2]黑龙江省农业科学院黑河分院,黑龙江黑河164300

出　　处：《大豆科学》2023年第1期23-31,共9页Soybean Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(31571693,32172072);黑龙江省自然科学基金(LH2021C025)。

摘　　要：为从力学角度分析栽培年份、种植密度及主要化学成分指标对大豆种质资源抗倒伏性的影响,为基于主茎力学特性进行大豆抗倒伏的资源鉴定和新品种选育提供理论依据,本研究于2020和2021年在田间种植190份大豆资源,在成熟期测量株高、直径、折断力3种主茎表型性状及木质素、纤维素含量两种化学成份指标,对不同种植年份不同大豆资源的主茎表型性状进行方差分析,对各大豆资源3种主茎表型性状进行相关性分析。同时,在2020年筛选抗倒伏特性差异明显的20份大豆材料,于2021年进行盆栽种植,设置两个种植密度处理(20万和30万株·hm^(-2)),在成熟期测定主茎表型性状和化学成份指标,并计算弹性模量和抗倒伏系数,分析种植密度及主茎力学相关指标与大豆抗倒伏性的关系。结果表明:年份与折断力互作、品种(系)与折断力互作显著。年际间环境条件差异对折断力有较大影响,折断力大的品种(系)抗倒伏系数也高。主茎折断力与直径呈正相关,而直径与株高之间无明显规律。大豆抗倒伏系数与折断力、弹性模量呈极显著正相关,相关系数分别为0.90和0.42。两个种植密度下折断力较大的品种(系)植株抗倒伏系数和弹性模量均大于折断力较低的品种(系)。抗倒伏系数与茎秆木质素含量和纤维素含量呈极显著正相关,相关系数分别为0.68和0.72。综上表明大豆植株抗倒伏特性与主茎力学特性指标间关系密切,可以利用主茎折断力对大豆资源抗倒伏特性强弱进行区分,木质素和纤维素含量高的大豆资源抗倒伏能力强。综合考虑具体栽培条件可进一步提高大豆资源抗倒伏性分析结果的准确性。In order to analyze the effects of cultivation year, planting density and main chemical composition indexes on lodging resistance of soybean germplasm resources from the mechanical point of view, and to provide theoretical basis for identification of soybean lodging resistance resources and breeding of new varieties based on the mechanical characteristics of the main stem. In current study, 190 soybean germplasm resources were selected and were cultivated in the field in 2020 and 2021. The stem related traits and chemical composition indexes such as plant height, diameter, breaking force, lignin and cellulose content were measured at maturity stage. The relationship between these traits and lodging resistance was analyzed. Furthermore, twenty soybean varieties with stable characteristics selected from the year 2020 were planted in 2021 under two planting density treatments(200 and 300 thousand plants·ha^(-1)). We measured the plant height, stem diameter, breaking force, lignin content, and cellulose content at maturity stage. Moreover, the elastic modulus and lodging resistance coefficient, the relationship between planting density and mechanical properties of soybean main stem were calculated. Furthermore, the correlation between each index with plant lodging resistance was also got. The results were as follows: The interaction between year and breaking force, and the interaction between varieties and breaking force were significantly different. Environment differences between years played more effect on breaking force. With the breaking force increased, the lodging resistance improved. The diameter of the stem and breaking force was positive correlation. There was no significant correlation between the diameter and plant height. The lodging resistance coefficient of soybean showed a significantly positive correlation with breaking force and elastic modulus, and the correlation coefficients were 0.90 and 0.42 respectively. The lodging resistance coefficient and elastic modulus of the varieties(lines) with highe

关 键 词：大豆 种质资源 主茎力学特性 抗倒伏系数 种植密度 

分 类 号：S565.1[农业科学—作物学]