主小行星带对火星轨道长期动力学影响评估  

Impact analysis of the main asteroid belt on the long-term dynamics of Mars orbit

作　　者：刘山洪 吴正楷 曹建峰 鄢建国[4] 李勰[1,2] LIU ShanHong;WU ZhengKai;CAO JianFeng;YAN JianGuo;LI Xie(Science and Technology on Aerospace Flight Dynamics Laboratory,Beijing 100094,China;Beijing Aerospace Control Center,Beijing 100094,China;School of Mathematicsand Satistics,Wuhan University,Wuhan 430072,China;State Key Laboratory of Information Engineering in Surveying,Mapping and Remote Sensing,Wuhan University,Wuhan 430072,China)

机构地区：[1]航天飞行动力学技术重点实验室,北京100094 [2]北京航天飞行控制中心,北京100094 [3]武汉大学数学与统计学院,武汉430072 [4]武汉大学测绘遥感信息工程国家重点实验室,武汉430072

出　　处：《中国科学：物理学、力学、天文学》2023年第2期110-118,共9页Scientia Sinica Physica,Mechanica & Astronomica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(编号:12203002,11973015,U1831132);航天飞行动力学技术重点实验室基金(编号:KJW6142210210201);武汉大学地球空间环境与大地测量教育部重点实验室开放基金(编号:21-01-01)资助项目。

摘　　要：“天问一号”任务的成功实施标志着我国正迈向月球以外更远的深空,面临着更为复杂的空间动力学环境,探测难度将不断增大.小行星带毗邻火星,不完全考虑其产生的摄动会严重影响火星轨道动力学参数解算精度,进而间接影响太阳系历表构建和高精度火星探测任务实施.为研究主带小行星动力学影响,本文先分析了主带小行星的分布特性,建立了太阳系动力学积分环境,结果表明:除火星外的内太阳系行星轨道积分10年与DE421的差异小于15 m,火星轨道积分差异约百米量级.基于点质量模型、单环模型和最新六环模型估算了其对火星轨道的影响,积分10年误差分别约为2 km,31.3 m,2 m.最后讨论了环模型与太阳系行星轨道参数共同解算情况,证实了环模型参数修正后火星距离观测量残差理论上可进一步降低至亚米级,同时发现仅利用距离观测量行星初始轨道根数在Z轴方向上解算误差较大.The successful implementation of the Tianwen-1 mission marks that China is moving toward a deeper space beyond the moon,facing a more complex space dynamics environment,and the difficulty of deep space exploration will continue to increase.The main belt asteroids(MBAs)are adjacent to Mars,and the perturbation by MBAs is hard to fully consider,effecting the accuracy of the Mars orbital dynamics parameters.Thus,it will indirectly affect the construction of a highprecision solar system ephemeris and the Mars exploration missions.This paper analyzes the distribution feature of MBAs based on the Nesvorny asteroid library.The dynamic environment of the whole solar system with MBAs was established to evaluate MBA’s perturbation influence.The results show that the difference between the ten-year integral orbits of the inner solar system planets and DE421 is less than 15 m,and the integral difference of Mars’orbits reaches100 m.Based on the point-mass model,the one-ring model and the latest six-ring model,the influence of MBAs on the orbit of Mars is estimated,and the orbit error of 10 years is about 2 km,31.3 m,and 2 m,respectively.Further,the joint solution of the ring model and the orbital parameters of the planets is discussed,which confirms that the residuals of Mars-Earth distance with the fitted ring model can theoretically be reduced to sub-meters.The error in the Z-axis of the planet’s orbit is large if use only the range measurement.

关 键 词：主带小行星 火星历表 太阳系动力学模型 

分 类 号：P185.3[天文地球—天文学] P135.2