基于锥形压入总功的金属表面等轴残余应力检测方法  

Evaluation of equibiaxial residual stress in metallic materials using the loading work of instrumented sharp indentation

作　　者：李赛飞 张亮 彭光健[1] 韩志 张泰华[2] LI SaiFei;ZHANG Liang;PENG Guangjian;HAN Zhi;ZHANG TaiHua(College of Mechanical Engineering,Zhejiang University of Technology Hangzhou 310023,China;Institute of Solid Mechanics,School of Aeronautic Science and Engineering,Beihang University,Beijing 10191,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江工业大学机械工程学院,杭州310023 [2]北京航空航天大学航空科学与工程学院,固体力学研究所,北京100191

出　　处：《中国科学：物理学、力学、天文学》2023年第1期15-24,共10页Scientia Sinica Physica,Mechanica & Astronomica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(编号:12172332,12072009);浙江省属高校基本科研业务费专项资金(编号:RF-A2020013)资助项目。

摘　　要：工程结构或关键部件存在残余应力会显著影响其力学性能,准确检测残余应力对分析力学性能和评估服役安全性具有重要意义.本文选取锥形压入总功这一稳定、可测的积分量作为分析参量;借助量纲分析,建立残余应力引起的压入总功变化率与归一化等轴残余应力之间的无量纲关系;结合有限元模拟,发现二者之间存在近似线性关系,通过拟合构建归一化等轴残余应力与压入总功变化率之间的映射关系;依据此关系,建立金属材料表面等轴残余应力的锥形压入检测方法.通过数值模拟,验证检测方法的准确性;借助双轴预应力夹具在三种常用金属试样中引入等轴残余应力,实验验证检测方法的可靠性,实验结果表明相对误差普遍在±20%以内,绝对误差普遍在30 MPa以内.Residual stresses can significantly influence the mechanical performance of engineering structures. Therefore, the accurate evaluation of the equibiaxial residual stress in such structures is of great value. In the present work, the fractional change in the loading work was chosen as the analytical parameter. A linear relationship between the fractional change in the loading work and the normalized equibiaxial residual stress was determined via dimensional and finite element analyses. Based on numerous finite element simulations, new fitting equations were obtained for evaluating the equibiaxial residual stress by instrumented sharp indentation. Both numerical and experimental verifications were used to examine the accuracy and reliability of the newly proposed method. A biaxial stress-generating jig was designed to introduce equibiaxial residual stress into metallic specimens to mimic the residual stress. By comparing the residual stresses determined by the proposed method with the generated pre-stresses, the maximum relative error and absolute error were typically found within ±20% and 30 MPa, respectively.

关 键 词：等轴残余应力 仪器化压入 有限元模拟 量纲分析 

分 类 号：O344[理学—固体力学] TG115[理学—力学]