芽孢杆菌制剂对苏姜猪弱仔猪生长性能及粪便菌群的影响  

Effect of Bacillus preparation on growth performance and fecal microflora of weak Sujiang piglets

作　　者：张君胜[1] 徐盼[1] 倪黎纲[1] 陶勇[1] ZHANG Jun-sheng;XU Pan;NI Li-gang;TAO Yong

机构地区：[1]江苏农牧科技职业学院,江苏泰州225300

出　　处：《饲料研究》2023年第1期23-28,共6页Feed Research

基　　金：国家发改委生物育种能力建设与产业化资助项目(项目编号:2150299);江苏现代农业产业技术体系建设项目(项目编号:JATS [2021] 387);江苏省大学生创新创业项目(项目编号:202112806042H);江苏农牧科技职业学院科技创新团队(项目编号:NSF2021TC04)。

摘　　要：试验旨在研究芽孢杆菌制剂对弱仔猪的生长性能、免疫性能、粪便菌群的影响。选择遗传背景、胎次、营养相同的28日龄断奶苏姜仔猪42头(公、母各半),随机分为2组,每组7个重复,每个重复3头。对照组猪为基础日粮,芽孢杆菌制剂组在基础日粮中添加1 kg/t芽孢杆菌制剂。试验期35 d。结果显示,与对照组相比,芽孢杆菌制剂组的仔猪平均日增重极显著提高(P<0.01),平均日采食量显著提高(P<0.05),腹泻率极显著降低(P<0.01)。与对照组相比,芽孢杆菌制剂组仔猪粪便菌群厚壁菌门的相对丰度降低,拟杆菌门和螺旋体门的相对丰度增加;芽孢杆菌制剂组仔猪粪便菌群普雷沃氏菌属(Prevotella)、密螺旋体属(Treponema)、未指明的拟杆菌目(Unspecified_Bacteroidales)、未指明的拟杆菌目S24-7菌属(Unspecified_S24_7)相对丰度显著增加,未指明的毛螺菌科(Unspecified_Lachnospiraceae)、链球菌属(Streptococcus)、未指明的梭菌目(Unspecified_Clostridiales)、瘤胃球菌属(Ruminococcus)、劳特氏菌属(Blautia)相对丰度明显减少。研究表明,日粮中添加芽孢杆菌能够改善弱仔猪的生长性能,促进肠道有益生菌群生长繁殖。The experiment was conducted to study the effect of Bacillus preparation on growth performance, immune performance and fecal flora of weak piglets. Forty-two 28-day-old Sujiang piglets(half in male and female) with the same genetic background, parity and nutrition were randomly divided into two groups, with seven replicates in each group and three piglets in each replicate. Pigs in control group were fed with a basal diet, and those in Bacillus group were fed with a basal diet supplemented with 1 kg/t Bacillus preparation. The experiment lasted for 35 d. The results showed that compared with control group, the average daily gain of piglets in Bacillus preparation group was extremely increased(P<0.01), average daily feed intake was significantly increased(P<0.05), and diarrhea rate was extremely decreased(P<0.01). Compared with control group, the relative abundance of fecal flora Firmicutes of piglets in Bacillus preparation group decreased, while the relative abundance of bacteroidetes and spirochetes increased. The fecal bacteria of piglets in Bacillus preparation group were Prevotella, Treponema, Unspecified_Bacteroidales of S24_7 were increased in relative abundance. The relative abundance of Unspecified_Lachnospiraceae, Streptococcus, Unspecified_Clostridiales,Ruminococcus and Blautia were decreased. The experiment indicates that adding Bacillus to diet can improve the growth performance of weak piglets, and promote the growth and propagation of beneficial bacteria.

关 键 词：弱仔猪 芽孢杆菌 生长性能 粪便菌群 

分 类 号：S828[农业科学—畜牧学]