甘肃部分奶牛场乳腺炎病原菌分离鉴定及凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌的药物敏感性研究  

Isolation and identification of pathogenic bacteria of mastitis in some dairy farms in Gansu Province and drug susceptibility test of CNS

作　　者：申纪饶 杨峰[1] 武小虎 杨雅媛 吕亚楠 丁学智[1] 严作廷[1] 王旭荣[1] 李宏胜[1] SHEN Jirao;YANG Feng;WU Xiaohu;YANG Yayuan;Lü Ya'nan;DING Xuezhi;YAN Zuoting;WANG Xurong;LI Hongsheng(Key Lab of New Animal Drug Project,Gansu Province,Key Lab of Veterinary Pharmaceutical Development,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Science of CAAS,Lanzhou Gansu 730050,China)

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院兰州畜牧与兽药研究所、农业农村部兽用药物创制重点实验室甘肃省新兽药工程重点实验室,肃兰州730050

出　　处：《中兽医医药杂志》2022年第6期13-18,共6页Journal of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine

基　　金：甘肃省重点研发-国际科技合作项目(21YF5WA144);中国农业科学院兰州畜牧与兽药研究所所级重点任务(CAAS-LMY-02);中国农业科学院动物普通病防治创新工程项目(CAAS-ASTIP-2014-LIHPS-03);甘肃省重点研发计划(21YF5NA141)。

摘　　要：近年来由凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌(CNS)引起的乳腺炎呈逐年增多趋势。本试验对引起甘肃部分奶牛场乳腺炎的病原菌进行分离鉴定,明确病原菌区系分布,并进一步研究CNS在体外对抗菌药和中兽药的敏感性。从甘肃省7个规模化奶牛场采集126份临床型乳腺炎乳样,进行细菌分离培养,经16S rDNA方法进行鉴定;选取20株分离鉴定的CNS,用赤芍、连翘、白芍、丹参4味中药和克林霉素、青霉素、苯唑西林等10种抗菌药物进行体外抑菌试验。结果表明,甘肃部分奶牛场乳腺炎细菌检出率为90.48%,其病原菌区系分布主要为大肠杆菌、无乳链球菌、CNS、金黄色葡萄球菌等,其中CNS检出率为20.57%。所有CNS菌株对赤芍表现高度敏感,大部分CNS菌株对白芍、丹参和连翘均表现为高度敏感(85.0%~100.0%)和中度敏感(10.0%),仅有1株CNS对丹参表现为不敏感。20株CNS对8种抗菌药均产生了不同程度的耐药性,耐药率为15.0%~60.0%,其中对青霉素、苯唑西林耐药严重,耐药率达45.0%~60.0%。说明CNS是引起甘肃部分奶牛场乳腺炎的主要病原菌之一,而且已产生不同程度的耐药性,在体外对赤芍、连翘、白芍等中药敏感。Bovine mastitis caused by coagulase negative Staphylococcus(CNS) has increased year by year. In this study, the isolation and identification of mastitis bacteria and the susceptibility of CNS to traditional Chinese medicines and western drugs were carried out, the pathogenic bacteria flora was clarified, and the physical sensitivity of CNS to antibiotics and Chinese veterinary drugs in vitro was further studied.126 dairy bovine mastitis samples collected from 7 dairy farms were isolated and cultured, and then the bacteria were identified by 16 S rDNA method. At the same time, 20 of the CNS strains were selected to observe the bacteriostatic effects of 4 traditional Chinese medicines(Radix Paeoniae Rubra, Fructus Forsythiae, Radix Paeoniae Alba, and Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae) and 10 antibiotics(clindamycin, penicillin, oxacillin, etc) in vitro. The results showed that the detection rate of mastitis bacteria in some dairy farms in Gansu Province was 90.48%, and the main pathogens are Escherichia coli, Streptococcus agalactiae, CNS, and Staphylococcus aureus, of which the detection rate of CNS was 20.57%. All of CNS strains were highly sensitive to Radix Paeoniae Rubra. In addition, most of the CNS strains were highly sensitive(80.0%-100.0%) and moderately sensitive(10.0%) to Radix Paeoniae Alba, Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae and Fructus Forsythiae, and only one strain was insensitive to Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae. 20 CNS strains had different degrees of resistance to 8 antibiotics(15.0%-60.0%), among which penicillin and oxacillin were more seriously resistant(45.0%-60.0%). This study shows that CNS is one of the main pathogens causing mastitis in some dairy farms from Gansu Province, and has produced varying degrees of drug resistance, which is sensitive to Radix Paeoniae Rubra, Fructus Forsythiae, Radix Paeoniae Alba and other traditional Chinese medicines in vitro.

关 键 词：奶牛乳腺炎 病原菌 分离鉴定 凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌 耐药性 

分 类 号：S852.6[农业科学—基础兽医学]