地外文明技术印迹射电搜寻进展  

Progress of radio search for extraterrestrial intelligence technosignatures

作　　者：张同杰[1,2,3] 陶振钊 刘文斐 李时雨[2,5] 赵海辰[1,2] 张志嵩 李健康 陈沂瑄 栾晓航 王洪丰 张建臣 Tongjie Zhang;Zhenzhao Tao;Wenfei Liu;Shiyu Li;Haichen Zhao;Zhisong Zhang;Jiankang Li;Yixuan Chen;Xiaohang Luan;Hongfeng Wang;Jianchen Zhang(Institute for Frontiers in Astronomy and Astrophysics,Beijing Normal University,Beijing 102206,China;Department of Astronomy,Beijing Normal University,Beijing 100875,China;Institute for Astronomical Science,Dezhou University,Dezhou 253023,China;College of Physics and Electronic Engineering,Qilu Normal University,Jinan 250200,China;Beijing Planetarium,Beijing 100044,China;National Astronomical Observatories,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100012,China;Department of Astronomy,Yunnan University,Kunming 650500,China;College of Computer and Information Engineering,Dezhou University,Dezhou 253023,China)

机构地区：[1]北京师范大学天文与天体物理前沿科学研究所,北京102206 [2]北京师范大学天文系,北京100875 [3]德州学院天文科学研究院,德州253023 [4]齐鲁师范学院物理与电子工程系,济南250200 [5]北京天文馆,北京100044 [6]中国科学院国家天文台,北京100012 [7]云南大学天文系,昆明650500 [8]德州学院计算机与信息工程学院,德州253023

出　　处：《科学通报》2023年第5期440-447,共8页Chinese Science Bulletin

基　　金：科技部中国SKA生命摇篮计划;国家重点基础研究发展计划(2017YFA0402600);国家自然科学基金(11929301)资助。

摘　　要：基于哥白尼原理、德雷克公式以及大量系外行星的发现,大多科学家相信地球之外一定存在着生命尤其是高级智慧生命(或文明).射电技术由于其优势而成为地外文明搜寻的最佳手段之一.“中国天眼”(FAST)是全世界最大的单天线射电望远镜,地外文明搜寻(search for extraterrestrial intelligence,SETI)是其五大科学目标之一,它在低频射电L波段上极高的灵敏度对SETI有着重要意义.基于FAST专门用于SETI观测的后端设备和正式申请的观测时间,我们开展了SETI后端共时巡天观测和系外行星目标观测.与加利福尼亚大学伯克利分校的在家地外文明搜寻(SETI@home)和突破聆听(Breakthrough Listen)团队合作,我们发展了SETI目标观测多波束匹配模式以及使地外文明(extraterrestrial intelligence,ETI)信号鉴别过程更加科学完备的偏振和频率漂移判据,实施了观测和数据处理来筛选ETI候选目标.本文主要介绍国际上的SETI观测历史,尤其是FAST进行SETI的研究现状和最新进展以及未来展望.Based on the Copernican principle,Drake’s formula and the discovery of a large number of exoplanets,most scientists believe that there must be life outside the Earth,especially advanced intelligent life(or civilization).Because of the advantages of radio technology,it has become one of the best means to search for extraterrestrial intelligence(SETI).China’s“eye in the sky”,Five-hundred-meter Aperture Spherical radio Telescope(FAST),is the largest single-aperture radio telescope in the world,and SETI is one of its five scientific goals.Its extremely high sensitivity in low frequency radio L-band is of great significance to SETI.Based on the backend equipment of FAST for SETI observation and observing time for FAST,we carry out SETI backend commensal survey observations and exoplanet targeted observations.We find two groups of candidates that demonstrate this RFI mitigation and candidate selection,and validate our SETI instrumentation techniques as well as our data processing pipeline.Cooperating with SETI@home and Breakthrough Listen Team at Berkeley,we develop multibeam coincidence matching(MBCM)strategy and polarization and frequency drift criteria that make the ETI signal identification process more scientific and complete,and conduct observation and data processing to screen ETI candidate targets.We also find a signal at 1140.604 MHz detected from the observation toward Kepler-438 originally piqued our interest that is roughly consistent with assumed ETI technosignatures.However,its polarization characteristics are able to eliminate the possibility of an extraterrestrial origin.Our observations achieve an unprecedented sensitivity.In addition,we also study the drift rate that is contributed by the rotations and orbits of Earth and the exoplanet in the celestial mechanics perspective,and obtain the expected pseudosinusoidal drifting result with both long-term observations and shorter orbital periods of exoplanets.The characteristics of pseudosinusoidal curves can be applied to long-term SETI reobservati

关 键 词：地外智慧生命搜寻 技术印迹 射频干扰 共时巡天观测 系外行星 

分 类 号：P16[天文地球—天文学]