老年住院患者步速下降与认知功能障碍的关系  

Relationship between walking speed decline and cognitive dysfunction in elderly inpatients

作　　者：李欣[1] 孙超[1] 刘晨霞 胡慧秀[1] Li Xin;Sun Chao;Liu Chenxia;Hu Huixiu(Nursing Department,Beijing Hospital,National Center of Gerontology,Institute of Geriatric Medicine,Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences,Beijing 100730,China;Operating Room,Beijing Hospital,National Center of Gerontology,Institute of Geriatric Medicine,Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences,Beijing 100730,China)

机构地区：[1]北京医院护理部、国家老年医学中心、中国医学科学院老年医学研究院,北京100730 [2]北京医院手术室、国家老年医学中心、中国医学科学院老年医学研究院,北京100730

出　　处：《中华现代护理杂志》2023年第5期639-644,共6页Chinese Journal of Modern Nursing

基　　金：中国医学科学院临床与转化医学研究专项(2022-I2M-C&T-B-110);中国医学科学院基本科研业务费第三届健康长寿创新大赛项目(2022-JKCS-12);中华医学会杂志社2021—2022年护理学科研究课题(CMAPH-NRG2021006)。

摘　　要：目的探讨老年住院患者的步速和认知功能现状,并分析两者之间的关系。方法采用便利抽样法,选取2022年1—7月北京医院的1800例老年住院患者为研究对象。采用一般资料调查表、简易智能精神状态评估表(MMSE)对其进行调查,采用3 m步速测定法评估步速。采用二项Logistic回归分析探讨老年住院患者认知功能障碍的影响因素。结果共收集问卷1800份,有效问卷1771份,问卷的有效回收率为98.39%。9.82%(174/1771)的老年住院患者存在认知功能障碍。二项Logistic回归分析结果显示,步速下降是老年住院患者发生认知功能障碍的危险因素(OR=1.860,95%CI:1.217~2.843);此外,年龄、视力障碍、文化程度、是否规律锻炼身体是老年住院患者认知障碍的影响因素(P<0.05)。结论步速下降的老年住院患者发生认知功能障碍的风险较高。医护人员应注重评估老年住院患者的步速,早期识别步速变化并给予干预,帮助老年住院患者维持较高的生活质量和较好的认知功能。Objective To explore the walking speed and cognitive function status of elderly inpatients and analyze the relationship between them.Methods A total of 1800 elderly inpatients in Beijing Hospital from January to July 2022 were selected as the research objects by the convenient sampling method.General Data Questionnaire and Mini-Mental State Examination(MMSE)were used to investigate the walking speed,and 3 m pace measurement was used to evaluate the pace.Binomial Logistic regression analysis was used to explore the influencing factors of cognitive dysfunction in elderly inpatients.Results A total of 1800 questionnaires were collected and 1771 were valid,with the effective recovery rate of 98.39%.9.82%(174/1771)of the elderly inpatients had cognitive dysfunction.Binomial Logistic regression analysis showed that walking speed decline was a risk factor for cognitive dysfunction in elderly inpatients(OR=1.860,95%CI:1.217-2.843).In addition,age,visual impairment,education level and regular physical exercise were factors affecting cognitive impairment in elderly hospitalized patients(P<0.05).Conclusions Elderly inpatients with decreased walking speed have a higher risk of cognitive dysfunction.Medical staff should pay attention to assessing the walking speed of elderly inpatients,early identification of pace changes and intervention to help elderly inpatients maintain a higher quality of life and better cognitive function.

关 键 词：老年人 步速 认知功能障碍 住院患者 

分 类 号：R473.74[医药卫生—护理学]