基于重力势能驱动的新型旋转移动床梯级净化工艺  

A New Rotary Moving Bed Cascade Purification Process Driven by Gravity Potential Energy for Treatment of Domestic Sewage in Mountain Villages and Towns

作　　者：朱晗霄 王静 陈雨喆 陈猷鹏[1] 郭劲松[1] 方芳[1] 晏鹏[1] ZHU Han-xiao;WANG Jing;CHEN Yu-zhe;CHEN You-peng;GUO Jin-song;FANG Fang;YAN Peng(College of Environment and Ecology,Chongqing University,Chongqing 400045,China;Mountain Sponge City Construction Research and Application Center,Chongqing Jianzhu College,Chongqing 400072,China;China Southwest Architectural Design and Research Institute Co.Ltd.,Chengdu 610041,China)

机构地区：[1]重庆大学环境与生态学院,重庆400045 [2]重庆建筑工程职业学院山地海绵城市建设研究与应用中心,重庆400072 [3]中国建筑西南设计研究院有限公司,四川成都610041

出　　处：《中国给水排水》2023年第3期1-8,共8页China Water & Wastewater

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2019YFD1100201);重庆市教育委员会科学技术研究项目(KJQN202004308)。

摘　　要：结合山地村镇地势高差大的特点,根据水车的运行原理,构建了一套适用于山地村镇生活污水处理的新型旋转移动床梯级净化工艺。通过对复合式双旋转生物移动床进行清水复氧试验,发现其具有良好的曝气性能,跌水高度越高、跌水流量变化范围越小,复氧效果越好。稳定运行期间,对COD、NH_(4)^(+)-N、TN和TP的平均去除率分别为96.5%、91.7%、56.5%和17.5%,COD、NH_(4)^(+)-N和TN的出水浓度达到了重庆市《农村生活污水集中处理设施水污染物排放标准》(DB 50/848—2021)中的一级标准。由于工艺依托生物膜法实现营养物去除,TP去除效果较差。取复合式双旋转生物移动床中的填料进行硝化性能测试,硝化速率为6.058 mg/(gMLVSS·h),硝化活性较高。高通量测序结果显示,属水平上相对丰度排名前7的微生物均为好氧菌,说明复合式双旋转生物移动床良好的曝气效果对微生物群落起到了选择作用;与去除COD相关的菌属相对丰度之和为32.7%,与硝化有关的菌属相对丰度之和为21.5%。因该工艺整体不需要电能驱动,大大降低了运行成本。Combined with the characteristics of large elevation difference in mountain villages and towns,according to the operation principle of waterwheels,a new rotary moving bed cascade purification process suitable for domestic sewage treatment in mountain villages and towns was constructed.Through the clean water reaeration test on the compound double rotating biological moving bed(cdr-BMB),it was found that cdr-BMB had good aeration performance.And when the drop height was higher and the drop flow varied in a small range,the reaeration effect was better.During the stable operation,the average removal rates of COD,NH_(4)^(+)-N,TN and TP were 96.5%,91.7%,56.5%and 17.5%respectively,and the concentration of COD,NH_(4)^(+)-N and TN in the effluent could reach the Discharge Standard of Water Pollutants for Rural Wastewater Treatment Facilities(DB 50/848-2021)in Chongqing.Since the process relied on biofilm to achieve nutrient removal,the removal effect of TP was poor.The nitrification performance test of the filler in cdr-BMB showed that the nitrification rate of the filler was 6.058 mg/(gMLVSS·h),and the nitrification activity was high.The results of high-throughput sequencing showed that the microorganisms in the top 7 relative abundance at the genus level were all aerobic bacteria,indicating that the good aeration effect of the cdr-BMB played a selective role in the microbial community.Besides,the sum of relative abundance of genera related to COD removal was the highest at 32.7%,and the sum of the relative abundance of genera associated with nitrification reached 21.5%.Because the whole process does not require electric power to drive,it can save a lot of operating costs.

关 键 词：山地村镇生活污水 旋转移动床 复氧效率 营养物去除 微生物群落 

分 类 号：TU992[建筑科学—市政工程]