亚急性瘤胃酸中毒奶牛血液生化及粪便成分相关指标特征分析  

Characteristics of blood biochemical parameters and feces compositions in dairy cows with subacute rumen acidosis

作　　者：吕鑫泉 朱佳旭 宋佳河 李文捷 王美娇 徐闯[1] 杨威[1] LYU Xinquan;ZHU Jiaxu;SONG Jiahe;LI Wenjie;WANG Meijiao;XU Chuang;YANG Wei(College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine,Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University,Daqing,Heilongjiang 163319,China)

机构地区：[1]黑龙江八一农垦大学、动物科技学院,黑龙江大庆163319

出　　处：《中国兽医学报》2023年第1期172-175,184,共5页Chinese Journal of Veterinary Science

基　　金：大学生创新创业训练计划资助项目(201810223024);国家重点研发计划资助项目(2017YFD0502200)。

摘　　要：旨在明确围产期亚急性瘤胃酸中毒奶牛血液生化及粪便干物质成分相关指标特征,为奶牛亚急性瘤胃酸中毒的诊断提供基础参考。试验于黑龙江省某集约化牛场随机选取产后7~14 d奶牛,通过瘤胃穿刺检测奶牛采食6 h后瘤胃液pH值,确定亚急性瘤胃酸中毒奶牛7头(5.26.2,无其他任何症状)。通过采集检测试验奶牛血液、生化和粪便成分,利用统计学方法分析筛选疾病预警指标。结果显示,亚急性瘤胃酸中毒奶牛血浆总胆红素(TBIL)、L-乳酸盐、磷、肌酐、肌酸激酶水平显著高于对照组,血浆钙、谷丙转氨酶(ALT)、白蛋白(ALB)、总胆固醇(TC)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇水平显著低于对照组,粪便酸性洗涤纤维显著低于对照组。对2组间显著差异指标进行皮尔逊相关系数分析,对与亚急性瘤胃酸中毒奶牛相关的指标利用二元Logistic回归进行建模分析,确定对疾病发生预测较好的指标ALT、TC、TBIL。利用受试者工作特征曲线(ROC)分析确定了牧场TBIL≥1.85μmol/L,敏感度为95.2%,特异度为56.2%;TC≤3.725μmol/L,敏感度为100%,特异度为43.7%;ALB≤32.6 U/L,敏感度为47.6%,特异度为100.0%,浓度超过预警值可作为奶牛产后亚急性瘤胃算中毒发生的早期风险预测依据,本研究为亚急性瘤胃酸中毒的诊断及防治提供重要技术参考。This study aims to identify the characteristics of blood biochemistry and fecal dry matter nutrients of dairy cows with subacute rumen acidosis during transition period,and to provide basic reference for the diagnosis of subacute rumen acidosis in dairy cows.Fourteen 7-14 days antepartum cows were randomly selected on an intensive cattle farm in Heilongjiang Province,and the pH value of rumen fluid after feeding 6 h was detected.Seven subacute rumen acidosis dairy cows with rumen fluid pH between 5.2 and 5.8,and seven healthy control dairy cows with rumen fluid pH more than 6.2 and with no other symptoms were determined.Blood biochemical and urine components of experimental dairy cows were detected and analyzed.The results showed that plasma total bilirubin(TBIL),L-lactic acid salt,phosphate,creatinine,creatine kinase level in subacute ruminal acidosis cows were significantly higher than control group,and calcium,cereal third transaminase(ALT),albumin(propagated),total cholesterol(TC),low-density lipoprotein cholesterol were significantly lower than the control group,and fecal acid detergent fiber was significantly lower than the control group.Pearson correlation coefficient was used to analyze the significant difference between the two groups,then the indexes related to subacute ruminal acidosis dairy cows were modeled and analyzed by binary logistic regression.The indicators of ALT,TC,L-ACT and TBIL were determined,which were good predictors of disease occurrence.TBIL≥1.85μmol/L was determined by ROC analysis,with sensitivity of 95.2%and specificity of 56.2%.TC≤3.725μmol/L,with sensitivity 100%and specificity 43.7%.ALB≤32.6 U/L,with sensitivity 47.6%and specificity 100%,concentration above the early-warning value can be used as the basis for early risk prediction of subacute rumen acidosis in postpartum cows.This study provides an important technical reference for the diagnosis and prevention of subacute rumen acidosis.

关 键 词：奶牛 亚急性酸中毒 血液生化 ROC分析 

分 类 号：S858.23[农业科学—临床兽医学]