诠释学中的本体与主体的关系及其超越性意义--以中西思想史例为鉴  

The Relationship between the Substance and the Subject in Hermeneutics and Its Transcendent Significance:Taking Chinese and Western Traditions as a Reference

作　　者：田薇[1] Tian Wei

机构地区：[1]清华大学哲学系

出　　处：《中国社会科学院大学学报》2023年第1期19-33,156,157,F0003,共18页Journal of University of Chinese Academy of Social Sciences

基　　金：国家社会科学基金一般项目“宗教性视域中的生存伦理研究”(15BZX101)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：在诠释者和被诠释者之间存在着一层根本性的关系,即主体和本体之间的不对称性关系,这种不对称性意味着本体对主体的超越性,诠释学因此具有某种源始神学特质。本体指向形而上学本源意义之域,意味着自由自在的自身性存在,在诠释学情境中呈现为两阶主体,第一阶主体是自行显示的本体作为本原性主体或存在论主体,第二阶主体是诠释者主体或存在者主体。诠释者主体对于本原性主体自行发出的信息进行意义的解读和描述而形成文本,文本具有意义的层次性和流动性,其生成和存在是原初生存经验、既有文化传统和当下处境的多重作用的历史结果。中西对于主体与本体关系的不同理解和诠释,对各自文化传统的历史生成产生了深远影响。There is a fundamental relationship between the interpreter and the one being interpreted:the asymmetric relationship between the subject and the substance.This asymmetry means the transcendence of the substance over the subject,so hermeneutics has an original theological quality.The substance points to the realm of the original meaning of metaphysics,which means the free selfexistence on itself.There are two-level subjects presented in a hermeneutic context.The first-level subject is the self-revealing substance as an original or ontological subject,and the second-level subject is the interpreter or existential subject.The interpreter-subject interprets and describes the meaning of the information sent out by the original subject to form a text.The meaning of the text is multiple and variable,and the generation and existence of the text are the historical results of the multiple effects of the original existential experience,existing cultural traditions,and the current situation.The different understandings and interpretations of the relationship between the subject and the substance between China and the West have a profound impact on the historical formation of theirrespective cultural traditions.

关 键 词：本体 主体 诠释 超越性 中西传统 

分 类 号：B016[哲学宗教—哲学理论]