颠覆或妥协?--19世纪英国“新女性”形象塑造的困境  

Reverse or Compromise?:The Dilemma of the“New Woman”in 19th-CenturyBritain

作　　者：杜欣霓 Du Xinni

机构地区：[1]云南财经大学国际语言文化学院

出　　处：《中国社会科学院大学学报》2023年第1期125-139,160,共16页Journal of University of Chinese Academy of Social Sciences

摘　　要：在19世纪末的英国,父权社会导致女性形象是在男性凝视下塑造的。为了反抗这种符合男性利益的、单一的形象塑造,“新女性”应运而生。该形象中有明显的不确定性与不一致性:一方面,她们思想自由、独立自主,对婚育兴趣不大,敢于直白表露情欲并追求权力,对“家庭天使”形象及男性的支配性地位构成挑战;另一方面,她们在对情欲、母性职责、权力的疑问中屡陷困境,被迫向父权传统妥协或接受惩罚。“新女性”拒绝男性凝视,却在父权社会中找不准女性定位。因此,这是对女性身份重塑的一次不彻底的尝试,女性如何从父权制中突围依然悬而未决。In the late 19th-century Britain,the patriarchal society resulted in a female image being shaped under the male gaze.In order to resist the monotonous image catering to the males'interests,the“New Woman”came into being.The“New Woman”embodied obvious uncertainty and inconsistency.On one hand,her thoughts were relatively free and independent;she was not quite interested in marriage and childbearing,and dared to express her desire for sex and power.In this way,she challenged the“Angel in the House”as well as males'dominance.On the other hand,she was trapped in the questions about her lust,maternal obligation and power,which forced her to compromise with the patriarchal tradition or accept its punishment.The dilemma of the“New Woman”was that she rejected the male gaze but failed to find her exact position.Consequently,the“New Woman”became an incomplete attempt to reshape women's identity,leaving the breakthrough of the patriarchy unsolved.

关 键 词：女性形象 新女性 家庭天使 男性凝视 母性职责 

分 类 号：I106[文学—世界文学]