唐宋墓葬壁画中的歌舞戏指挥“竹竿子”考  

Song and Dance Conductor with a “Bamboo Pole” on Tomb Murals of Tang and Song Dynasties

作　　者：张利亚 ZHANG Li-ya(School of Humanities,Xi'an Shiyou University,Xi'an 710065,China)

机构地区：[1]西安石油大学人文学院,西安710065

出　　处：《北京舞蹈学院学报》2022年第6期37-43,共7页Journal of Beijing Dance Academy

基　　金：陕西省社会科学古籍项目“陕西出土胡人墓志辑考”(项目编号2018GJ01)阶段性成果。

摘　　要：“竹竿子”是唐宋时期乐舞队的指挥,对中国古代舞蹈史的发展有重要的意义和价值。文章结合新近出土文献,提出在唐代甚至隋代可能已出现乐舞队的指挥“竹竿子”;其传自西域龟兹地区,是东西方艺术交流的见证;唐代参军戏中的参军和苍鹘的插科打诨,极有可能是龟兹歌舞队传至中原为歌舞戏的演变;宋代“竹竿子”也被称为“参军色”,随着宫廷乐舞传至民间社会。“竹竿子”作为歌舞队的导引指挥,不仅负责勾念致语口号,也参与杂剧演出,对中国歌舞剧的定型和成熟产生了重要的影响。During the Tang and Song dynasties, the conductor with a “bamboo pole” appeared in the song-dance drama, which is of great significance to the development of Chinese ancient dance history. In recent years, a large number of unearthed documents have promoted the study of this issue. Based on the new relics, this paper points out that there may have been a conductor in the song-dance team in the Tang dynasty or even earlier Sui dynasty. It originated from Qiuci in the western regions of China and was a witness to the artistic exchanges between the East and the West. The comic roles of “Canjun” and “Canghu” who gagged in the burlesque were probably an evolution of the song-dance team from Qiuci to Central China. In the Song dynasty, the conductor was also known as the “Canjun” actor. Afterwards, the court music spread to folk people, the conductor was not only the guiding conductor of the song-dance team, responsible for reciting slogans, but also participated in the performance of Zaju, who has had an important influence on the stereotype and maturity of Chinese song and dance drama.

关 键 词：“竹竿子” 参军戏 参军色 致语 口号 

分 类 号：J709[艺术—舞蹈]