生物炭对土壤磷淹水释放及吸附特性的影响  

Effects of Biochar on Phosphorus Release and Adsorption Characteristics from Submerged Soil

作　　者：梁俭 李珊 刘晓凤 冯群 LIANG Jian;LI Shan;LIU Xiao-feng;FENG Qun(Guangxi Key Laboratory of Urban Water Environment,College of Chemistry and Environment Engineering,Baise University,Baise 533000,China)

机构地区：[1]百色学院化学与环境工程学院广西城市水环境重点实验室,广西百色533000

出　　处：《江西农业学报》2022年第12期72-78,共7页Acta Agriculturae Jiangxi

基　　金：广西自然科学基金项目(2017GXNSFBA198225);广西高校中青年教师科研基础能力提升项目(2019KY0745);广西一流学科建设项目“农业资源与环境”。

摘　　要：在淹水条件下,利用室内模拟试验,研究了不同生物炭对土壤磷的释放及淹水后对磷吸附特性的影响。结果表明:(1)淹水过程中土壤磷向上覆水体迁移,水体总磷含量均呈现出先增加后降低最后趋于平衡的变化趋势。(2)添加生物炭能够降低土壤磷释放强度,并提高了土壤中有效磷的含量,其中水稻灰对土壤中有效磷的提高效果最显著。(3)淹水还原条件导致土壤铁活化度提高,无定形铁含量增加,土壤有效磷与土壤无定形铁呈极显著正相关(P<0.01),说明铁、磷的释放促进了土壤中有效磷的增加。(4)Langmuir方程拟合结果表明,添加生物炭会降低淹水后土壤对磷的吸附能因子(K),提高土壤对磷的最大缓冲容量(MBC)和最大吸附量(Q_(m)),其中添加水稻灰的土样Q_(m)提高比例最大。由此可见,添加生物炭能够减少消落带地区土壤淹水过程中对水体磷的污染,并提高了淹水后土壤的供磷量,其中以水稻灰的效果最佳。Under the condition of flooding,the effects of different biochars on the release of soil phosphorus and the adsorption characteristics of phosphorus after flooding were studied in laboratory.The results showed that:(1)Soil phosphorus migrated to the overlying water during the flooding process,which led to increase the total phosphorus(TP)content of water at the beginning,then decreased,and finally tended to balance.(2)Biochar could decrease the release intensity of soil phosphorus and increase the content of soil available phosphorus,and rice ash had the most significant effect on increasing soil available phosphorus.(3)Anaerobic environment caused by flooding contributed to the increase of soil iron activity and amorphous iron content,and available phosphorus was significantly positively correlated with amorphous iron(P<0.01),which illustrated that the release of Fe-P accelerated the increase of soil available phosphorus.(4)The Langmuir isothermal adsorption equation showed that biochar could decrease the adsorption affinity constant(K),increase the maximum buffer capacity(MBC)and maximal P adsorption(Q_(m)),among which rice ash had the largest proportion on Q_(m).Thus,biochar added to the soil can reduce the phosphorus pollution to the water,and increase the amount of soil phosphorus after flooding,among which rice ash had the best effect.

关 键 词：土壤磷 生物炭 淹水土壤 土壤有效磷 

分 类 号：S153[农业科学—土壤学]