温度和盐度胁迫对红螯螯虾虾苗存活率和免疫酶活力的影响  

Effects of Temperature and Salinity Stress on Survival Rate and Immune Enzyme Activity of Cherax quadricariratus Larvae

作　　者：张高伟 王宣朋[1] 周翰林 吴春[1] ZHANG Gao-wei;WANG Xuan-peng;ZHOU Han-lin;WU Chun(Suqian Institute of Agricultural Sciences,Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Suqian 223800,China)

机构地区：[1]江苏省农业科学院宿迁农科所,江苏宿迁223800

出　　处：《江西农业学报》2022年第12期120-127,共8页Acta Agriculturae Jiangxi

基　　金：宿迁市农业自主创新项目(SQCX202113);江苏省农业科技自主创新资金项目[CX(21)3177];江苏省区域农业与环境保护协同创新中心项目(HSXT30325)。

摘　　要：为探究红螯螯虾虾苗对不同温度和盐度的适应性,提高虾苗在培育过程中的存活率,通过将脱离母体15 d的虾苗从暂养环境(25℃,盐度0.5‰)转移至6个温度梯度(20、22、24、26、28、30℃)和6个盐度梯度(0.1‰、1‰、2‰、3‰、4‰、5‰),分别研究了急性胁迫对红螯螯虾虾苗的存活率以及超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、溶菌酶(LSZ)和过氧化氢酶(CAT)3种免疫相关酶活性的影响。温度胁迫试验结果显示,12 d后28℃处理组的红螯螯虾存活率最高(90%),20、22℃处理组存活率均低于55%,28℃处理组红螯螯虾的SOD、LSZ和CAT活性均有显著提高,分别在24、8和12 h时达到峰值,均与对照组达到极显著差异(P<0.01)。而20℃处理组的3种免疫相关酶活性均受到明显抑制,到胁迫48 h时显著低于其他处理组(P<0.05)。26和30℃处理组的SOD、LSZ和CAT活性由于应激反应而显著提高,在试验过程中始终保持较高水平。盐度试验结果表明,4‰和5‰盐度胁迫对红螯螯虾存活率抑制明显,显著低于其他处理组(P<0.05),其中5‰处理组在12 d后的存活率仅为56%;适宜红螯螯虾存活的盐度范围为0.1‰~2‰。5‰盐度组的SOD、LSZ和CAT活性在胁迫48 h后均显著低于其他处理组(P<0.05),0.1‰和1‰处理组的SOD、LSZ和CAT活性变化不大,各处理组之间均无显著差异(P>0.05)。研究表明,温度和盐度突变均会对红螯螯虾虾苗的存活率和其3种免疫相关酶活性产生显著影响,温度26~30℃和盐度0.1‰~2‰的环境均对红螯螯虾虾苗的存活率和免疫酶活性有积极影响。In order to explore the adaptability of Cherax quadricariratus larvae to different temperatures and salinity and improve the survival rate of Cherax quadricariratus larvae during the cultivation process,we measured the crayfishs’survival rates,superoxide dismutase(SOD),lysozyme(LSZ)and catalase(CAT)activities after they were transferred to environments with six different temperatures(20,22,24,26,28 and 30℃)and six different salinity levels(0.1‰,1‰,2‰,3‰,4‰and 5‰)from temporary environment(25℃,salinity 0.5‰).In the temperature experiment,the survival rate of C.quadricariratus in the 28℃treatment group was the highest(90%),while the survival rates in the 20 and 22℃groups were lower than 55%after 12 days.The enzyme activities of SOD,LSZ and CAT of C.quadricariratus in the 28℃group increased significantly,reach-ing the peak value at 24,8 and 12 h respectively,which were significantly different from those in the control group(P<0.01).The activities of three immune related enzymes in the 20℃group were significantly inhibited,and were not significantly different from other treatment groups at 48 h of stress(P<0.05).The activity of SOD,LSZ and CAT in the temperature groups of 26℃and 30℃increased significantly under stress,and maintained a high level throughout the experiment.In the salinity experiment,4‰and 5‰salinity stress significantly inhibited the survival of C.quadricariratus,which was significantly lower than other treatment groups(P<0.05).Among them,the survival rate after 12 days of 5‰salinity stress was only 56%,and the salinity change suitable for the survival of C.quadricariratus was 0.1‰~2‰.The activities of SOD,LSZ and CAT in the 5‰salinity group were significantly lower than those in other experimental treatment groups after 48 h of stress(P<0.05).The activities of SOD,LSZ and CAT in the 0.1‰and 1‰salinity groups had no significant change,and there was no significant difference among the treatment groups(P>0.05).The results showed that both temperature and sa

关 键 词：红螯螯虾 温度 盐度 存活率 免疫酶活性 

分 类 号：S966.12[农业科学—水产养殖]