基于SNP芯片的猪基因组选择效果分析  

Evaluation of genomic selection in pig based on SNP microarray

作　　者：陈鑫 孙晓梅[1] 鲁慧文 黄涛[1,2] CHEN Xin;SUN Xiaomei;LU Huiwen;HUANG Tao(College of Animal Science and Technology,Shihezi University,Shihezi 832000,China;Xinjiang Engineering Technology Research Center of Pig Breeding Industry,Changji 831100,China)

机构地区：[1]石河子大学动物科技学院,新疆石河子832000 [2]新疆生猪种业工程技术研究中心,新疆昌吉831100

出　　处：《畜牧与兽医》2023年第2期5-10,共6页Animal Husbandry & Veterinary Medicine

基　　金：兵团创新人才计划项目(2020CB018);国家生猪产业技术体系(CAR-35)。

摘　　要：为探究单步基因组最佳线性无偏预测(SSGBLUP)法应用于生猪育种的选择效果,选取杜洛克、长白、大白种猪共1996头,利用SNP芯片获得个体基因型数据,结合表型数据和系谱数据,利用HIBLUP软件的SSGBLUP模型和基于系谱的最佳线性无偏预测(PBLUP)模型分别计算估计育种值,参考全国种猪遗传评估中心的标准计算综合选择指数,利用理论准确性和后裔测定成绩评估选择效果。结果表明:通过SSGBLUP法计算达100 kg日龄、达100 kg背膘厚及总产仔数的基因组估计育种值(GEBV)与PBLUP法计算的估计育种值(EBV)的相关系数均大于0.8;达100 kg日龄、达100 kg背膘厚及总产仔数GEBV准确性相对于EBV准确性均有所提高;SSGBLUP法与PBLUP法选留的长白和大白种猪,其后代的生长速度显著优于场内选择法选留种猪的后代。本试验中,SSGBLUP法与PBLUP法均能有效提高选留种猪后代的生长速度且二者分别计算的GEBV和EBV相关性高,但SSGBLUP法选种的准确性更高,后期可利用全基因组选择对场内现有种猪进行选种指导。To explore the effect of one-step genomic selection(SSGBLUP)in breeding pig farms,a total of 1996 Duroc,Landrace and Big White breeding pigs were selected.SNP chip was used to obtain individual genotypic data from the pigs.Combined with phenotypic data and pedigree data,the SSGBLUP model and the PBLUP model of HIBLUP software were used to calculate and estimate their breeding values,respectively.The comprehensive selection index was calculated by referring to the standard of National Breeding Pig Genetic Evaluation Center.The results showed that the correlation coefficients between the GEBV and EBV calculated by SSGBLUP and PBLUP at 100 kg of age,100 kg of backfat thickness and total litter size were all greater than 0.8.The accuracy of the GEBV of 100 kg of age,100 kg of backfat thickness and total litter size were improved compared with the EBV.The progenies of Landrace and White breeding pigs selected by whole genome selection and conventional selection were significantly faster than those selected by field selection.The SSGBLUP method and the PBLUP method effectively improved the growth rate of the offspring of the selected breeding pigs,and the GEBV had high correlation with the EBV.However,the SSGBLUP method had higher accuracy in early breeding selection,and the whole genome selection might be used to guide the selection of existing breeding pigs in the later stage.

关 键 词：基因组选择 生长速度 背膘厚 总产仔数 

分 类 号：S828.9[农业科学—畜牧学]