早期补饲开食料对羔羊空肠黏膜形态及微生物菌群区系的影响  

Effects of starter feeding on the morphology and microbial community of the jejunal mucosa in lambs

作　　者：边高瑞 王璐[2] 孙大明 邓凯东[1] BIAN Gaorui;WANG Lu;SUN Daming;DENG Kaidong(College of Animal Science and Food Engineering,Jinling Institute of Technology,Nanjing 210038,China;Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Microbiology,Nanjing Agricultural University/National Centre for International Research on Animal Gut Nutrition/Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Nutrition and Animal Health,Nanjing 210095,China)

机构地区：[1]金陵科技学院动物科学与食品工程学院,江苏南京210038 [2]南京农业大学消化道微生物研究室/国家动物消化道营养国际联合研究中心/江苏省消化道营养与动物健康重点实验室,江苏南京210095

出　　处：《畜牧与兽医》2023年第2期32-37,共6页Animal Husbandry & Veterinary Medicine

基　　金：金陵科技学院引进人才科研启动费(040521200117);金陵科技学院“畜牧学”重点学科;金陵科技学院“生态养殖信息化”科技创新团队;金陵科技学院科教融合课程(202215);江苏省大学生创新创业训练项目(202213573101Y)。

摘　　要：旨在研究早期补饲开食料对羔羊空肠黏膜形态及微生物菌群区系的影响。选取12只体重相近、胎次一致的10日龄羔羊(湖羊),随机平均分为2组,母乳组(M)和补饲开食料组(M+S)。羔羊在56日龄时,空腹称量体重,晨饲3 h后屠宰采样,取一段空肠黏膜组织用于形态学分析及微生物16S rRNA测序。结果显示:与M组相比,M+S组羔羊的体增重、小肠重量均有降低的趋势(0.050.05)。M组与M+S组羔羊的空肠黏膜微生物α多样性无显著差异(P>0.05)。2组羔羊空肠黏膜微生物测序共检测到16个门,其中拟杆菌门、厚壁菌门和变形菌门是优势菌门。与M组羔羊相比,M+S组羔羊的浮游菌门(P=0.028)和梭杆菌门(P=0.014)的相对丰度显著降低,迷踪菌门的相对丰度有下降趋势(P=0.053)。在属水平上检测到296个属,其中普氏菌属和乳杆菌属为优势菌属。与M组羔羊相比,M+S组羔羊梭菌目的相对丰度(P=0.007)极显著降低,乳杆菌属(P=0.071)、瘤胃球菌科(P=0.071)和克里斯滕森科(P=0.053)的相对丰度有下降趋势。结果表明:早期补饲开食料对羔羊的负面作用降低了羔羊的生产性能,并导致了羔羊空肠黏膜微生物菌群区系发生改变,该结果将为开食料在幼龄反刍动物中的合理应用提供理论依据。This experiment was to explore the effects of starter feeding on the morphology and microbial community of the jejunal mucosa in lambs.Twelve new-born lambs of similar weight and identical birth order were obtained and randomly divided into two groups,one group received ewe’s milk only(the M group),and the other group was fed with ewe’s milk plus starter feed(the M+S group).At 56 days of age,the lambs were weighed with empty stomach and were slaughtered for sampling 3 hours after the morning feeding.A section of the jejunal mucosal tissue was collected and stored in liquid nitrogen before morphology analysis and microbial DNA extraction.The results were as follows:Compared with the M group,the body weight and small intestine weight of the lambs in the M+S group tended to decrease(0.050.05).There was no significant difference in the microbialα-diversity between both the groups(P>0.05).At the phylum level,a total of 16 phyla were observed across all the samples.Bacteroidetes,Firmicutes and Proteobacteria were the dominant phyla.The relative abundances of Planctomycetes(P=0.028)and Fusobacteria(P=0.014)were significantly lower in the M+S group than in the M group,and the relative abundance of Elusimicrobia had a downward trend(P=0.053).At the genus level,296 genera were found after sequencing of all the samples,and the dominant bacteria werePrevotellaandLactobacillus.Compared with M group,the relative abundance of Unclassified Clostridiales(P=0.007)was significantly decreased in the M+S group,with a downward trend in the relative abundance of Lactobacillus(P=0.071),Unclassified Ruminococcaceae(P=0.071)and Unclassified Christensenellaceae(P=0.053).These results indicated that early starter feeding reduced the production performance and led to changes in the jejunal mucosa in the lambs,which provides a theoretical basis for the rational application of starter feeding in young ruminants.

关 键 词：羔羊 开食料 空肠黏膜 微生物 

分 类 号：S852.6[农业科学—基础兽医学]