Biolog-ECO解析羊粪堆肥不同时期微生物群落多样性特征  

Biolog-ECO Analysis of Sheep Manure Microbial Community Characteristics of Different Phase in Compost

作　　者：赵旭[1,2] 车宗贤[2] 李娟[2] 薛林贵[1] ZHAO Xu;CHE Zong-xian;LI Juan;XUE Lin-gui(School of Chemical and Biological Engineering,Lanzhou Jiaotong University,Lanzhou730070,China;Institute of Soil,Fertilizer and Water-saving Agriculture,Gansu Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Lanzhou 730070,China)

机构地区：[1]兰州交通大学化学化工学院,兰州730070 [2]甘肃省农业科学院土壤肥料与节水农业研究所,兰州730070

出　　处：《兰州交通大学学报》2023年第1期111-117,共7页Journal of Lanzhou Jiaotong University

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划(2018YFC1903704-02);国家自然科学基金(31860163);甘肃省重点研发计划项目(20YF3NA018)。

摘　　要：为探究羊粪好氧堆肥过程中微生物群落多样性及碳源代谢特征,采用Biolog-ECO微平板方法分析了小麦秸秆和羊粪联合好氧堆肥不同时期微生物的碳源代谢能力和群落多样性.结果表明:在堆肥高温期(5 d),微生物利用碳源的能力最强,堆肥初期(0 d)和降温期(25 d)次之,末期(45 d)最低.微生物群落的Shannon、Simpson和McIntosh多样性指数表明,堆肥初期(0 d)和降温期(25 d)的微生物群落优势度、丰富度和均匀度均高于末期(45 d).不同堆肥发酵时间的微生物群落对同一碳源的代谢能力不同,同一堆肥时间的微生物群落对不同碳源的代谢能力不同.羊粪堆肥不同时期微生物代谢碳源能力差异的敏感碳源有9种,分别是糖类(2种)、氨基酸类(2种)、醇类(1种)、胺类(1种)和酸类(3种)等.解析羊粪不同堆肥阶段微生物的碳源代谢和群落变化特征,将为改进羊粪堆肥工艺,加快羊粪堆肥腐熟进程提供理论依据.In order to explore the microbial community diversity and carbon source metabolism characteristics during aerobic composting of sheep manure, the Biolog-ECO microplate technology was used to analyze the carbon source metabolism capacity and microbial community diversity of microorganisms in the aerobic composting of wheat straw and sheep manure.The results showed that the ability of microorganisms to utilize the carbon source was the strongest at the thermophilic phase(5 d),followed by the initial(0 d) and bio-oxidative(25 d),and the lowest at the end of the fermentation(45 d).The Shannon, Simpson and McIntosh diversity indices indicated that the microbial community dominance, richness and evenness of initial and thermophilic phases were better than those of the late composting phases.There are 9 kinds of sensitive carbon sources that are different in the ability of microorganisms to metabolize carbon sources in different stages of sheep manure composting, namely sugars(2 kinds),amino acids(2 kinds),alcohols(1 kind),amines(1 kind) and acids(3 kinds).Analysis of the carbon source metabolism and community change characteristics of microorganisms in different composting stages will provide a theoretical basis for improving sheep manure composting technology and accelerating the process of composting.

关 键 词：羊粪 堆肥 微生物群落 Biolog-ECO 碳源代谢 

分 类 号：S141.4[农业科学—肥料学]