2007—2021年白银市阿拉善黄鼠鼠疫自然疫源地鼠疫监测分析  

Analysis of plague surveillance in the natural foci of Spermophilus alaschanicus in Baiyin city from 2007 to 2021

作　　者：何涛[1] 张入学[1] 张强 毛黎明 HE Tao;ZHANG Ru-xue;ZHANG Qiang;MAO Li-ming(Baiyin Municipal City Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Baiyin,Gansu,730900,China)

机构地区：[1]甘肃省白银市疾病预防控制中心,甘肃白银730900

出　　处：《疾病预防控制通报》2022年第6期22-25,共4页Bulletin of Disease Control & Prevention(China)

基　　金：传染病监测预警中国疾病预防控制中心重点实验室研究基地(20140609)。

摘　　要：目的 了解甘肃省白银市阿拉善黄鼠鼠疫自然疫源地鼠疫流行情况,为全市鼠疫防控工作提供科学依据。方法收集15年人间鼠疫疫情以及阿拉善黄鼠密度、野外小型啮齿动物、家栖鼠类、鼠体蚤、洞干蚤、巢穴蚤及病原学和血清学等监测资料,运用EXCEL 2010和SPSS 20.0软件整理与分析数据。结果 2007—2021年白银市无人间鼠疫疫情报告;阿拉善黄鼠密度在0.25~0.56只/hm2,15年间总体呈下降趋势,近3年维持在0.37只/hm2及以上;野外小型啮齿动物、家栖鼠类监测和逐日捕鼠未发现明显变化;阿拉善黄鼠体蚤指数和巢穴蚤指数较高,一直在1.4以上,近年来有所上升;病原学和血清学检测结果均为阴性。讨论白银市阿拉善黄鼠鼠疫自然疫源地当前处于相对静息状态,但阿拉善黄鼠密度及其蚤指数明显高于动物鼠疫控制标准;应开展以人间鼠疫预防宣传教育为主的综合性防控工作,从而降低人间鼠疫发生的风险。Objective To understand the epidemic situation of plague in the natural foci of Spermophilus alaschanicus in Baiyin city, Gansu province, and provide scientific basis for the prevention and control of plague in the city. Methods Collected 15 years of monitoring data such as human plague and Spermophilus alaschanicus density, small rodents in the field, domestic rodents, rodent body fleas, burrowing fleas, nest fleas, etiology and serology, etc., using Excel 2010 and SPSS 20 software to organize and analyze data. Results From 2007 to 2021, there wasn,t human plague epidemic report in Baiyin city, the density of Spermophilus alaschanicus fluctuated between 0.25 and 0.56 per hectare, with declined trend in the past 15 years, and maintained at 0.37 per hectare and above in the past 3 years. No significant changes were found in the monitoring of small rodents in the field, domestic rodents and daily rat trapping;The flea index of Spermophilus alaschanicus body and nest were higher, which have been above 1.4 and have increased in recent years. The etiological and serological test results were all negative. Conclusions The natural foci of Spermophilus alaschanicus plague in Baiyin city is relatively quiet at present, but the Spermophilus alaschanicus density and flea index are significantly higher than the animal plague control standards;The comprehensive prevention and control work, focusing on human plague prevention publicity and education should be carried out to reduce the risk of human plague occurrence.

关 键 词：鼠疫 鼠密度 蚤指数 

分 类 号：R516.8[医药卫生—内科学]