理解创新过程与创新系统的社会属性——基于机床工业的比较案例研究  

Understanding the Social Nature of Innovation Processes and Innovation Systems:A Comparative Case Study in the Machine Tool Industry

作　　者：孙喜[1] 马小漫 SUN Xi;MA Xiaoman(College of Business Administration,Capital University of Economics and Business,Beijing,100070)

机构地区：[1]首都经济贸易大学工商管理学院,北京100070

出　　处：《自然辩证法通讯》2023年第3期109-119,共11页Journal of Dialectics of Nature

摘　　要：创新的社会属性决定了,解决关键核心技术“卡脖子”问题不能只靠经济、技术等常用政策工具,还要为长期的创新互动创造一个有效的社会基础。尤其是在产业技术巨变面前,这种社会基础更是转型升级必需的关键投入。但受多方因素影响,学界和政策部门对这一社会议题还缺乏足够的重视和理解。鉴于此,本研究以机床工业的技术巨变为背景,对比了芬兰坦佩雷和中国两个机床产业转型的案例。比较发现,即便是正在探索的新型举国体制,也未就社会维度进行全面且有意识的制度设计,从而导致了基于国家背书的产业链互动和产学研合作短期化并存的悖论。文章最后就此给出了相应的政策建议。The social nature of innovation determines that to solve the strangulation on key core technologies calls for both common policy tools such as economy and technology and an effective social foundation for longterm innovation interaction.Especially in the face of technological paradigmatic transformation,such social foundation is crucial for upgrading.However,due to various factors,both the academia and the government still lack sufficient attention to and understanding of this social issue.Against the background of technological paradigmatic changes,we have compared the two cases of the machine tool industry transformation in Tampere,Finland,and in China.It is found that even the new-type system of nationwide mobilization that is being built has not carried out a comprehensive and conscious system design on the social dimension,which leads to the paradox of the coexistence of the industrial chain interaction based on national endorsement and the short-term cooperation between the industry and the academia.The final part of the paper offers some corresponding policy suggestions.

关 键 词：创新 转型升级 社会属性 信任 

分 类 号：C91[经济管理] TS642[社会学]