银川市改水前后氯化消毒副产物结果分析及健康风险评价  

Analysis and health risk assessment of chlorinated disinfection by-products before and after changing water sources in Yinchuan City

作　　者：安晶晶 秦迎旭[1] 陈鑫 刘元 赵玉婷[1] AN Jing-jing;QIN Ying-xu;CHEN Xin;LIU Yuan;ZHAO Yu-ting(Physicochemical Department,Ningxia Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Yinchuan,Ningxia 750004,China)

机构地区：[1]宁夏回族自治区疾病预防控制中心理化科,宁夏银川750004

出　　处：《中国卫生检验杂志》2023年第3期367-371,共5页Chinese Journal of Health Laboratory Technology

摘　　要：目的 了解银川市改水前后饮用水中氯化消毒副产物的污染状况,并对其健康风险进行评价。方法 依据《生活饮用水标准检测方法》(GB/T 5750—2006)对我国银川市城区改水前后饮水中消毒副产物进行监测,利用美国环境保护署USEPA推荐的健康风险模型进行风险评价。结果 改水前后饮用水中主要的氯化消毒副产物是三氯甲烷、二氯一溴甲烷、二溴一氯甲烷和三溴甲烷,合格率均为100.0%。改水前后4种消毒副产物总的致癌风险值为5.56×10^(-6)和3.19×10^(-5),男性和女性致癌风险值分别为3.42×10^(-5)和3.05×10^(-5)。结论 银川市改水后主要的消毒副产物是三卤甲烷类(三氯甲烷、二氯一溴甲烷、二溴一氯甲烷),其浓度均低于《生活饮用水卫生标准》(GB 5749—2006)规定的限值,但高于改水前消毒副产物浓度。改水前后4种消毒副产物总的致癌风险值均在可接受水平,男性略高于女性。Objective This paper aims to investigate the distribution of chlorinated disinfection by-products in drinking water before and after changing water sources in Yinchuan City and evaluate their potential health risks. Methods According to the Standard Test Method for Drinking Water(GB/T 5750—2006), the contents of disinfection by-products in drinking water of Yinchuan were determined before and after changing water sources. The health risk model recommended by US Environmental Protection Agency(USEPA) was used to evaluate the health risk. Results The main chlorinated disinfection by-products in drinking water were trichloromethane, dichlorobromomethane, dibromobromomethane and bromomomethane before and after changing water sources, and the qualification rate of the disinfection by-products were 100.0%. The total carcinogenic risk values of the 4 disinfection by-products were respectively 5.56×10^(-6)and 3.19×10^(-5)before and after changing water sources. The carcinogenic risk value of male and female were 3.42×10^(-5)and 3.05×10^(-5), respectively. Conclusion The main disinfection by-products are trichloromethane, chlorodibromomethane, dichloromebromomethane in Yinchuan City after changing water sources, the concentration of disinfection by-products is lower than the standard limit of Drinking Water Hygiene Standard(GB 5749—2006), but higher than before. The total potential carcinogenic risk values caused by the 4 disinfection by-products are acceptable, and the potential health risk of chlorinated disinfection by-products is slightly higher in males than in females.

关 键 词：消毒副产物 健康风险评价 氯化消毒 

分 类 号：R187.2[医药卫生—流行病学]