论古人“以文为词”观念的历史变迁  

A Study of the Historical Changes of Ancient People’s Concept of“Yi Wen Wei Ci”

作　　者：王先勇 Wang Xianyong(Institute of Literature,Jiangsu Provincial Academy of Social Sciences,Nanjing 210004,China)

机构地区：[1]江苏省社会科学院文学研究所,江苏南京210004

出　　处：《浙江大学学报（人文社会科学版）》2022年第10期136-147,共12页Journal of Zhejiang University:Humanities and Social Sciences

基　　金：国家社科基金重大招标项目(14ZDB076);江苏省社科基金“江苏文脉研究”专项一般项目(21WMB039)。

摘　　要：在古人提出“以文为词”之前,就已经存在一个以文章技法入词的“前以文为词”时期。“以文为词”的提出是针对辛弃疾词的特色而言,不仅包括文章技法,还包括文章体式。然而随着“以文为词”的发展,在将其推源溯流至与辛词一脉相承的苏轼词的过程中,改变了“以文为词”的原有含义,文章技法的内涵逐渐确立,而文章体式的内涵却渐渐湮没。“以文为词”变成了“以文法为词”,并在之后的词史发展中存在着词论与词作的错位。直至清初,随着清词的复兴,辛弃疾词受到推崇后,“以文为词”的真正含义再次被认可,顾贞观的“以词代书”拓展了包含文章体式的“以文为词”的具体内涵。然而遗憾的是,在这之后,“以文为词”的概念又回到了“以文法为词”,并一直影响到现在对“以文为词”的研究。At present,the research on“Yi Wen Wei Ci”can be said to be sufficient.There are not only research results from the perspective of article creation techniques,such as the arts of composition,syntax,discussion,metrical rules,narrative characteristics,function words,allusions and so on,but also the research on finding theoretical support for“Yi Wen Wei Ci”from the tradition of Chinese literary criticism,such as the theory of“Wenqi”.However,according to the existing research results,especially focusing on the research of creative techniques,if we look back at the whole development process of Ci,we will find that“Yi Wen Wei Ci”has blurred its boundary and connotations as a concept.Because before the ancients proposed“Yi Wen Wei Ci”,the article creation techniques in the existing research had been applied to the creation of Ci.It can be said that there was a period of“Pre Yi Wen Wei Ci”,but the application of article techniques in this period obviously cannot be called“Yi Wen Wei Ci”.Taking this as the starting point,this paper analyzes the context when the concept of“Yi Wen Wei Ci”was put forward,confirms its original connotation,and makes a diachronic study on the change of how people understand this concept.“Yi Wen Wei Ci”is put forward by Chen Mo according to the characteristics of Xin Qiji’s Ci,especially referring to the Ci such as“He Xin Lang”(The bird Tijue is singing in the green tree)and“Qin Yuan Chun”(The cup that you come).It includes not only the article techniques,but also the application of literary form.Specifically,it focuses on the literary form,discussion and allusion.However,with the development of“Yi Wen Wei Ci”,when people found the concept’s connection with Su Shi’s Ci,which is in one continuous line with Xin Qiji’s Ci,the original meaning of“Yi Wen Wei Ci”is broken.The literary form is ignored,but the article techniques are added to the concept,such as using language that does not avoid slang.Thus,the original“Yi Wen Wei Ci”is gradu

关 键 词：以文为词 文章技法 文章体式 辛弃疾 苏轼 顾贞观 观念变迁 

分 类 号：I207.23[文学—中国文学]