经颅超声在帕金森病治疗中的应用  

The Application of Transcranial Ultrasound in The Treatment of Parkinson’s Disease

作　　者：李春婵 杨佳佳[1,4] 刘近贞 郑晨光[1,4] 田裕涛 何峰[1,4] 明东 LI Chun-Chan;YANG Jia-Jia;LIU Jin-Zhen;ZHENG Chen-Guang;TIAN Yu-Tao;HE Feng;MING Dong(Institute of Medical Engineering&Translational Medicine,Tianjin University,Tianjin 300072,China;School of Life Sciences,Tiangong University,Tianjin 300387,China;School of Control Science and Engineering,Tiangong University,Tianjin 300387,China;School of Precision Instrument and Opto-Electronics Engineering,Tianjin University,Tianjin 300072,China)

机构地区：[1]天津大学医学工程与转化医学研究院,天津300072 [2]天津工业大学生命科学学院,天津300387 [3]天津工业大学控制科学与工程学院,天津300387 [4]天津大学精密仪器与光电子工程研究院,天津300072

出　　处：《生物化学与生物物理进展》2023年第1期25-37,共13页Progress In Biochemistry and Biophysics

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(81871517,81870847,32071103)资助项目。

摘　　要：帕金森病是仅次于阿尔茨海默病的第二大常见神经退行性疾病,临床常用的治疗方法为药物治疗和神经外科手术。然而,目前尚无确切的方法阻止疾病的发展,新的治疗方案亟待探索。超声波因其具有非侵入性、高空间分辨率和高穿透性的特点,现已被广泛关注并用于帕金森病的治疗之中。近些年兴起的磁共振成像(MRI)引导聚焦超声消融技术、MRI引导聚焦超声开放血脑屏障给药技术、低强度聚焦超声调控技术和声遗传技术都已经在临床研究或临床前动物模型中取得可喜的成果。本文从以上4个方面综述近5年经颅超声技术在帕金森病治疗中的主要进展,并对其中的一些科学问题进行了探讨,以期为研究帕金森病发病机制和治疗方案的同行提供参考。Parkinson’s disease(PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disease after Alzheimer’s disease. The commonly used treatments for PD include drug therapy and neurosurgery. At present, there is no definite method to prevent the development of the disease and new treatment schemes need to be explored. Ultrasound has been widely concerned and used as one of the treatment methods for PD due to its non-invasive, high spatial resolution and high penetrability characteristics. In recent years, MRI-guided focused ultrasound(MRg FUS) ablation technology, MRg FUS open blood brain barrier drug delivery technology, low-intensity focused ultrasound stimulation technology and sonogenetics have all achieved promising results in clinical research or preclinical animal models. MRg FUS ablation surgery is generally used to ablate unilateral nuclei to treat PD motor symptoms. This surgery has the advantages of non-invasiveness, small damage and quick effect, which shows a good application prospect in the treatment of PD. The blood brain barrier is a major obstacle for the effective delivery of macromolecule drugs to the brain. MRg FUS coupled with microbubbles can temporarily open the blood brain barrier, allowing drugs to enter the target area. The MRg FUS open blood brain barrier drug delivery technology has shown good therapeutic effect in PD animal models, its safety and reversibility have been preliminarily proved in human experiments. However, several key problems, such as effective ultrasound parameters, optimal microbubble size and administration dose, need to be resolved before clinical application. Low-intensity focused ultrasound stimulation technology is an emerging treatment method in recent years. It has demonstrated neuromodulation and neuroprotection functions in PD animal model studies, which can reverse animal movement disorders. low-intensity focused ultrasound stimulation is a potential treatment option for PD, but it also faces the problem of unstandardized treatment parameters. Sonogenetics is a new

关 键 词：帕金森病 超声消融 超声给药 超声调控 声遗传 

分 类 号：R318[医药卫生—生物医学工程] Q426[医药卫生—基础医学]