国民党军队马料征购与供应探析(1948—1949)——以天津地区为中心的考察  

Analysis on the Purchase and Supply of Horse Feed for the Kuomintang Army(1948—1949):An Investigation Centering on the Tianjin Area

作　　者：邓长山 DENG Chang-shan(College of History,Hebei University,Baoding Hebei 071000)

机构地区：[1]河北大学历史学院,河北保定071000

出　　处：《巢湖学院学报》2022年第6期113-122,共10页Journal of Chaohu University

摘　　要：解放战争后期,国民党傅作义部在天津地区的马料征购工作先后经历调查产销情形、成立筹购马料委员会、筹垫差价与供应马料三个阶段。由于军方需量庞大、“命令主义”盛行、采购官价与市价差额甚巨、采购期限太短等原因,致使天津市政府征购与供应马料工作一直陷于亏累不堪、穷于应付的状态。而在征购马料期间,傅作义和天津市政府亦未有效动员民众并获得社会各界支持,反而充斥着强征、强买、摊派募款等反民意行为,加速了国民党丧失民心和政权道统性崩塌进程。深入探析该时期马料征购过程,为今人认知国民党军队后勤补给的真实样态与其流弊提供鲜活个案,并可借此窥探国共内战环境下国民党军方与地方政府的博弈。In the later period of the People′s Liberation War in China,the purchase of horse feed by the Kuomintang Fu Zuoyi′s department in Tianjin went through several stages:investigating the production and sales situation,establishing a committee for purchasing horse feed,paying the price difference and supplying horse feed.Due to the huge demand of the military,the prevalence of"commandism",the huge gap between the official procurement price and the market price,and the short procurement period,the Tianjin Municipal Government was in a state of exhaustion,and meanwhile unable to cope with the procurement of horse feed.During the period of purchasing horse feed,Fu Zuoyi and the Tianjin Municipal Government did not effectively mobilize the people to obtain support from all sectors of society.Instead,they had many unpopular behaviors,such as forced recruitment,forced purchases,apportionment,and fundraising,which accelerated the process of the Kuomintang′s loss of support and the collapse of the regime′s morality.An in-depth analysis of the procurement process of horse feed can provide a vivid case for people to know the true state of the Kuomintang army′s logistics and its abuses;the analysis can also shed some light on the game between the Kuomintang military and the local government in the context of the Kuomintang-Communist civil war.

关 键 词：征购马料 天津市政府 马料供应 国民党军队 傅作义 

分 类 号：K266[历史地理—历史学]