改性风化壳淋积型稀土尾矿的制备与表征  

Preparation and Characteristics of Modified Weathered Crust Elution-deposited Rare Earth Tailings

作　　者：王志伟 刘琦[1,2] 张立森 周芳[2,3] 黄素华 冯健[1,2] 池汝安 WANG Zhi-wei;LIU Qi;ZHANG Li-sen;ZHOU Fang;HUANG Su-hua;FENG Jian;CHI Ru-an(School of Chemical Engineering&Pharmacy,Wuhan Institute of Technology,Wuhan 430205,China;Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Processof Ministry of Education,Wuhan 430073,China;Xingfa School of Mining Engineering,Wuhan Institute of Technology,Wuhan 430074,China)

机构地区：[1]武汉工程大学化工与制药学院,湖北武汉430205 [2]绿色化工过程教育部重点实验室,湖北武汉430073 [3]武汉工程大学兴发矿业学院,湖北武汉430074

出　　处：《稀土》2022年第5期11-18,共8页Chinese Rare Earths

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(51874212,22078252)。

摘　　要：为实现风化壳淋积型稀土尾矿固废与液废的双向回收再利用,考察了改性风化壳淋积型稀土尾矿吸附回收稀土离子的可行性。探讨了硫酸、盐酸及二者混酸作为改性剂时,酸浓度、液固比、改性时间及改性温度对改性尾矿吸附性能的影响。优化改性条件为:改性剂为10%硫酸,液固比40∶1,改性温度为90℃,改性时间为3 h。与原尾矿相比,改性尾矿对La3+及Y3+的吸附量分别由0.00480 mmol·g^(-1)和0.00515 mmol·g^(-1)提升至0.0161 mmol·g^(-1)和0.0188 mmol·g^(-1)。通过测试改性前后矿石的SEM和BET发现,硫酸改性使尾矿矿石层间结构更为松散,比表面积增大,从而增大了对稀土离子的吸附量。In order to realize the recycling of solid waste and liquid waste of weathered crust elution-deposited rare earth ores, the possibility of using weathered crust elution-deposited rare earth ores tailings to adsorb and recycle rare earth ions was discussed in this study. The effects of acid concentration, liquid-solid ratio, modification time and modification temperature on the adsorption properties of modified tailings were investigated. The optimized modification conditions are as follows: modifier sulfuric acid 10%, liquid-solid ratio 40∶1, modification temperature 90 ℃ and modification time 3 h. Compared with the original tailings, the adsorption capacities of modified tailings for La3+and Y3+increased from 0.00480 mmol·g^(-1)and 0.00515 mmol·g^(-1)to 0.0161 mmol·g^(-1)and 0.0188 mmol·g^(-1), respectively. Testing SEM and BET of the ore before and after modification show that sulfuric acid modification makes the interlayer structure of tailings looser, and the specific surface area increases, thereby increasing the adsorption capacity of rare earth ions.

关 键 词：风化壳淋积型稀土矿 尾矿利用 改性 吸附 

分 类 号：TD955[矿业工程—选矿]