采空区及其下部煤层的地震响应特征  

Seismic response characteristics of goaf and its lower coal seam

作　　者：曹秀森 Cao Xiusen(Institute of Environmental Geology,Hebei Coal Geology Bureau,Shijiazhuang 050091,China)

机构地区：[1]河北省煤田地质局环境地质调查院,河北石家庄050091

出　　处：《煤炭与化工》2023年第1期35-38,44,共5页Coal and Chemical Industry

基　　金：河北省煤田地质局物测地质队科研项目(HBWCD-W-2019-9)。

摘　　要：地下煤炭在经过采掘后,会形成采空区。采空区的存在不仅严重影响煤炭安全生产及采掘工作面布置,也对下部煤层的地震勘探有着严重影响。如何实现采空区及其下部煤层的有效勘探、识别,对煤炭资源的充分利用和煤矿的安全、可持续发展都具有重要意义。本文通过全波场地震模拟软件建立了采空区形成后在空腔期、塌陷期、稳定期阶段对应的模型,通过分析下部煤层在时间剖面上的显示特征,发现刚形成的采空区对地震勘探的影响最大,待塌陷稳定后下部煤层又重新形成了连续稳定的反射波。Underground coal will form goaf after mining. The existence of the goaf not only seriously affects the safe production of coal and the layout of the mining and excavation working face, but also has a serious impact on the seismic exploration of the lower coal seam. How to realize the effective exploration and identification of goaf and its lower coal seam is of great significance to the full utilization of coal resources and the safe and sustainable development of coal mines. In this paper, the corresponding model of the cavity period, collapse period and stable period after the formation of the goaf was established by the full wave field seismic simulation software. By analyzing the display characteristics of the lower coal seam on the time profile, it was found that the newly formed goaf had the greatest impact on seismic exploration. And after the collapse was stable, the lower coal seam reformed a continuous and stable reflected wave.

关 键 词：采空区 下部煤层 正演模拟 三维地震勘探 

分 类 号：P631[天文地球—地质矿产勘探]