保险杠刚度特性对行人头部及下肢的损伤影响  

Effects of the bumper stiffness characteristics on the pedestrian head injuries and the lower extremities injuries

作　　者：刘天泉 王丙雨 吴贺 邹俊 毛明祥 LIU Tianquan;WANG Bingyu;WU He;ZOU Jun;MAO Mingxiang(School of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering,Xiamen University of Technology,Xiamen 361024,China;School of Aeronautics and Astronautics,Xiamen University,Xiamen 361102,China;Directly under the Second Brigade,Loudi City Public Security Bureau Traffic Police Detachment,Loudi 417000,China)

机构地区：[1]厦门理工学院机械与汽车工程学院,厦门361024 [2]厦门大学航空航天学院,厦门361102 [3]娄底市公安局交警支队直属二大队,娄底417000

出　　处：《汽车安全与节能学报》2023年第1期17-22,共6页Journal of Automotive Safety and Energy

基　　金：福建省青年自然科学基金项目(2020J05235)。

摘　　要：用(美国)高速公路安全管理局(NHTSA)的某车辆有限元(FE)数字模型,研究了车辆保险杠刚度特性对行人头部及下肢损伤的影响。获取了20~60 km/h碰撞速度下的保险杠刚度特性曲线。用多刚体仿真方法,研究了刚度为0~1.27 MN/m的保险杠对行人头部和下肢损伤的影响。结果表明:保险杠刚度对行人的整体运动学响应几乎没有影响,但对行人头部及下肢损伤有影响,且对下肢损伤的影响尤为显著。轿车在20 km/h与60 km/h所对应的保险杠接触力—形变曲线的刚度下,对行人头部的最大接触力分别为4.28 kN和4.26 kN,与行人小腿的最大接触力分别为3.94 kN和9.36 kN。因而行人下肢损伤风险随着保险杠刚度的增加而升高。The effect of bumper stiffness characteristics on the pedestrian head and lower extremity injuries was investigated by using a vehicle Finite Element(FE) analysis model of the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration(NHTSA) of the USA. Some bumper stiffness curves for 20, 40, and 60 km/h crash speeds were obtained by the FE method. The effects of bumper stiffnesses of 0~1.27 MN/m on pedestrian head and lower extremity injuries were conducted by using a multi-body simulation method. The results show that different bumper stiffnesses have almost no effect on the overall kinematic response of pedestrians, but have an extremity effect on the injuries for pedestrian head and lower limb, especially for lower limb injuries. The pedestrian’s head maximum contact force is 4.28 kN and 4.26 kN respectively, and the pedestrian’s lower leg maximum contact force is 3.94 kN and 9.36 kN respectively, at the stiffness of the bumper contact force-deformation curve corresponding to 20 km/h and 60 km/h. Therefore, the risk of pedestrian lower limb injury increases with the increase of bumper stiffness.

关 键 词：汽车安全 被动安全 保险杠刚度特性 头部损伤 下肢损伤 运动学响应 有限元(FE) 

分 类 号：U461.91[机械工程—车辆工程]