高耸构筑物采动损害与保护技术研究现状与展望  

Research status and prospect on mining damage characteristics and protective technology of high-rise structures

作　　者：郭文兵[1,2] 赵高博 马志宝 杨伟强 李学臣 GUO Wenbing;ZHAO Gaobo;MA Zhibao;YANG Weiqiang;LI Xuechen(School of Energy Science and Engineering,Henan Polytechnic University,Jiaozuo 454000,China;State Collaborative Innovation Center of Coal Work Safety and Clean-efficiency Utilization,Jiaozuo 454000,China;Department of Mining Engineering,West Virginia University,Morgantown WV 26506;Science and Technology Institute,Jiaozuo Coal Industry(Group)Co.,Ltd.,Jiaozuo 454000,China)

机构地区：[1]河南理工大学能源科学与工程学院,河南焦作454000 [2]煤炭安全生产与清洁高效利用省部共建协同创新中心,河南焦作454000 [3]西弗吉尼亚大学矿业工程系,西弗吉尼亚州摩根敦26506 [4]焦作煤业(集团)科学技术研究所,河南焦作454000

出　　处：《煤炭科学技术》2023年第1期403-415,共13页Coal Science and Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金联合基金资助项目(U21A20108,U22A20620);中原科技创新领军人才资助项目(224200510012)。

摘　　要：我国一些矿区面临着高耸构筑物下压煤技术难题。矿区高耸构筑物具有高度大、横断面小、重心高、支撑基础底面积小等特点,作为一种特殊的构筑物,其对地下开采引起的地表移动变形较敏感。在分析了高耸构筑物自身特性及其采动变形特征基础上,从采动变形理论、数值模拟、变形监测技术、保护技术等4个方面总结分析了高耸构筑物采动损害与保护技术的研究发展历程,包括高耸构筑物与地基、基础协同变形理论、工作面开采对高耸构筑物变形影响数值(物理)模拟分析、实时高效精准监测技术、地基精准注浆加固技术、基础抗变形改造技术、高耸构筑物动态调斜技术、源头减损技术等;并展望了高耸构筑物采动损害与保护技术的4个发展方向:地表移动变形多指标作用下高耸构筑物采动变形规律,采动地表沉陷规律与高耸构筑物变形传导机理,高耸构筑物实时高效精准变形监测技术,高耸构筑物精准保护技术,以便形成地表高耸构筑物“变形小-监测精-保护准”的综合理论与技术体系,为高耸构筑物下安全高效采煤提供理论和技术支撑。Some mining areas in China are facing with technical problems about coal mining under high-rise structures. The high-rise structure in the mining area is characterized by large height, small cross-section area, high center of gravity, small bottom area of supporting foundation, etc. It is a kind of special structure and is sensitive to the surface movement and deformation caused by underground mining. Based on the analysis of the characteristics of high-rise structures and their mining deformation characteristics, this paper summarizes and analyzes the research and development process of mining damage and protection technology of high-rise structures based on four aspects: mining deformation theory, numerical simulation, deformation monitoring technology, and protection technology, including the theory of cooperative deformation of high-rise structures and foundations, numerical(physical) simulation analysis of the impact of mining on the deformation of high-rise structures, real time, efficient and accurate monitoring technology, precise grouting and reinforcement technology for foundations, anti-deformation transformation technology for foundation, dynamic inclination adjustment technology for high-rise structures, reducing surface subsidence from the source, etc;The four development directions of mining damage and protection technology for high-rise structures are prospected: mining deformation characteristics of high-rise structures under the action of multiple indicators of surface movement and deformation, transmission mechanism from mining subsidence to deformation of high-rise structures, realtime and efficient accurate deformation monitoring technology for high-rise structures, and accurate protection technology for high-rise structures.

关 键 词：高耸构筑物 开采沉陷 采动损害与保护 沉陷监测 

分 类 号：TD73[矿业工程—矿井通风与安全]