体外产气法评定不同蛋白饲料原料间的组合效应  

Evaluation of associative effects of different protein feed materials by in vitro gas production method

作　　者：卢哲丞 张春桃 成述儒[1] 屠焰[2] LU Zhecheng;ZHANG Chuntao;CHENG Shuru;TU Yan(College of Animal Science and Technology,Gansu Agricultural University,Lanzhou,Gansu Province 730070,China;Beijing Key laboratory of Cow Nutrition,Institute of Feed Research,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Beijing 100081,China)

机构地区：[1]甘肃农业大学动物科学技术学院,甘肃兰州730070 [2]中国农业科学院饲料研究所奶牛营养学北京市重点实验室,北京100081

出　　处：《中国饲料》2023年第5期30-35,共6页China Feed

基　　金：中国农业科学院科技创新工程(CAAS-ASTIP-2017-FRI-04)。

摘　　要：本试验旨在应用体外产气法探究相同精粗比(C:R)下棉籽粕、菜籽粕及大豆粕等不同植物蛋白饲料原料间的组合效应,以期更大程度地利用杂粕,减少大豆粕的用量。本试验按C:R=60:40配制7种不同组合的饲粮,各组合精料均为玉米:麸皮:蛋白饲料原料组合:预混料=60:15:15:10,其中蛋白饲料原料组合分别为单一大豆粕、单一棉籽粕、1/2棉籽粕+1/2菜籽粕、1/2棉籽粕+1/2玉米酒精糟(DDGS)、1/3棉籽粕+1/3菜籽粕+1/3DDGS、1/3大豆粕+1/3棉籽粕+1/3菜籽粕、1/4大豆粕+1/4棉籽粕+1/4菜籽粕+1/4DDGS;粗料组合均为苜蓿:全株青贮玉米=10:30。通过Menke体外产气法测定其0、2、4、8、12、16、24、32、40、48、56、64 h及72 h的产气量、产气速度和24 h发酵液pH、氨态氮(NH3-N)浓度及微生物蛋白(MCP)产量。结果表明:棉籽粕+菜籽粕+DDGS组72 h时的产气量、产气速度均为各组最高(P<0.05),大豆粕+棉籽粕+菜籽粕组最低(P<0.05);pH和NH3-N浓度最高的饲粮组合分别为单一大豆粕组和棉籽粕+菜籽粕组(P<0.05);MCP产量上,大豆粕+棉籽粕+菜籽粕组显著低于其他组(P<0.05),其他各组差异不显著。综上所述,在本试验条件下,不同组合比例的杂粕代替饲粮中的大豆粕体外发酵72 h时,1/3棉籽粕+1/3菜籽粕+1/3DDGS的组合效果最佳,可有效提高其营养成分的互补及瘤胃发酵水平。The purpose of this experiment was to study the combined effect of different plant protein feed raw materials such as cottonseed meal,rapeseed meal and soybean meal under the same concentrate to roughage ratio by using in vitro gas production method,to make greater use of miscellaneous meal and reduce the amount of soybean meal in rumiant feed.Seven different combinations of diets were prepared according to C:R=60:40 in this study,In each combination concentrate materials,corn:bran:protein feed materials combination:premix=60:15:15:10.The protein feed materials combination in the concentrate was single soybean meal,single cottonseed meal,1/2 cottonseed meal+1/2 rapeseed meal,1/2 cottonseed meal+1/2distillers dried grains with solubles(DDGS),1/3 cottonseed meal+1/3 rapeseed meal+1/3DDGS,1/3 soybean meal+1/3 cottonseed meal+1/3 rapeseed meal,1/4 soybean meal+1/4 cottonseed meal+1/4 rapeseed meal+1/4DDGS,respectively;and the roughage materials were alfalfa and whole plant silage corn(alfalfa:whole plant silage corn=10:30).They were evaluated by Menke in vitro gas production method,and the gas production at0,2,4,8,12,16,24,32,40,48,56,60 h and 72 h,the pH,ammonia nitrogen(NH3-N)concentration,microbial protein(MCP)yield of 24 h fermentation were measured.The results showed as follows:The gas production and gas production rate of cottonseed meal+rapeseed meal+DDGS group at 72 h were the highest among the groups(P<0.05),meanwhile the lowest were in soybean meal+cottonseed meal+rapeseed meal group(P<0.05);Single soybean meal group and cottonseed meal+rapeseed meal group had the highest pH and NH3-N concentration,respectively(P<0.05).The rumen MCP yield of soybean meal+cottonseed meal+rapeseed meal group was the lowest(P<0.05),other groups had not significant difference.In summary,under the experimental conditions,the combination of cottonseed meal+rapeseed meal+DDGS has the best associative effect instead of using soybean meal in the diet after 72 h fermentation,which could effectively improve the complementarity of nutr

关 键 词：体外产气法 植物蛋白饲料 杂粕 大豆粕替代 产气量 发酵参数 

分 类 号：S816.4[农业科学—饲料科学]