基于职业特性分析的地铁司机心理风险测评问卷设计  

Psychological Risk Assessment Questionnaire Design for Subway Drivers Based on Occupational Characteristics Analysis

作　　者：丁泓九 朱海燕[1] 刘志钢[1] DING Hong-jiu;ZHU Hai-yan;LIU Zhi-gang(Human Factors&Ergonomics Lab College of Urban Railway Transportation Shanghai University of Engineering Science,Shanghai 201620,China)

机构地区：[1]上海工程技术大学城市轨道交通学院人因工程实验室,上海201620

出　　处：《人类工效学》2022年第6期36-40,共5页Chinese Journal of Ergonomics

摘　　要：目的基于地铁司机的职业特性设计心理风险测评问卷来评估各风险因子对司机心理状态的影响,制定地铁司机常模达到量化风险水平的目的。方法基于地铁司机的职业特性设计出4个维度12个风险因子的心理风险测评问卷,通过预测试阶段修订问卷并构建心理风险因子结构方程模型,通过正式测试阶段制定地铁司机常模用于各风险因子的等级评估。结果(1)问卷预测试阶段进行题项相关性分析和信效度检验,结果为整体信度水平达到0.940,KMO值达到0.926,可进行探索性因子分析。(2)根据探索性因子分析构建心理风险因子结构方程模型并进行验证,经过修正后拟合指标达到要求,表明测评维度设计结构合理。(3)根据问卷结果统计和分析制定出地铁司机常模,可对各风险因子进行有效等级评估。结论本文设计的地铁司机心理风险测评问卷经验证具有一定的合理性和可靠度,制定的地铁司机常模可量化评价各因子的风险等级,可以作为地铁司机心理健康状态评估的依据。Objective Based on the professional characteristics of subway drivers,a psychological risk assessment questionnaire is designed to assess the psychological state of subway drivers and formulate subway drivers'norms to quantify the risk level.Methods This paper designs a psychological risk assessment questionnaire with 4 dimensions and 12 risk factors,constructs the structural equation model of psychological risk factors through questionnaire revision in the pre-test stage,and formulates the norms of subway drivers for the grade assessment of each risk factor in the formal test stage.Results(1)The results of the questionnaire pretest stage were:the overall reliability level reached 0.940,and the KMO reached 0.926,which was suitable for exploratory factor analysis.(2)According to the exploratory factor analysis,the structural equation model of psychological risk factors was constructed,and the fitting index of the model met the requirements,indicating that the structure of the model was reasonable.(3)According to the results of the questionnaire,the norms of subway drivers were made to evaluate the risk factors.Conclusion The questionnaire designed in this paper was verified to be reasonable and reliable.The established norms of subway drivers can quantitatively evaluate the risk level of each factor,and they can be used as the basis for the mental health assessment of subway drivers.

关 键 词：交通安全 轨道交通 地铁司机 职业特性 心理风险测评问卷 因子分析 结构方程模型 列车 

分 类 号：X911[环境科学与工程—安全科学]