一种便捷的小粒种子表型观测方法  

A Convenient Method for Observing the Phenotype of Small Seeds

作　　者：李明雨 吴昱果 洪军[2] 刘芳[2] 刘志鹏[1] Li Mingyu;Wu Yuguo;Hong Jun;Liu Fang;Liu Zhipeng(State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems/Key Laboratory of Grassland Livestock Industry Innovation,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology,Lanzhou University,Lanzhou 730020,China;National Livestock Husbandry Station,Beijing 100125,China)

机构地区：[1]兰州大学草地农业生态系统国家重点实验室/兰州大学农业农村部草牧业创新重点实验室/兰州大学草地农业科技学院,甘肃兰州7300020 [2]全国畜牧总站,北京100125

出　　处：《草学》2023年第1期15-21,共7页Journal of Grassland and Forage Science

基　　金：国家重点研发计划重点专项项目课题(2019YFC0507702);国家自然科学基金面上项目(32071862);甘肃省重大专项子课题(19ZD2NA002)共同资助。

摘　　要：种子表型在植物种质资源研究中至关重要,但便捷且高精度地观测小粒种子一直以来是种子研究的难点之一。为解决此问题,本文采用便捷且低成本的智能手机改良法、普及率低且高成本的多光谱种子表型成像分析系统(简称为多光谱法)和普遍使用的扫描仪法对比观测小粒种子表型。结果表明,智能手机改良法测定的种子长度、宽度、面积及长宽比与多光谱法无显著差异(P>0.05),但扫描仪法与多光谱法、智能手机改良法间存在显著差异(P<0.05),且随着种子粒径的减小扫描仪法无法准确识别待测种子。与多光谱法和扫描仪法相比,智能手机改良法对种子颜色、表面纹饰等细节识别准确,便携性强且成本低廉,因此,在千粒重低于2.8g的小粒种子表型测定中推荐使用智能手机改良法,该方法适于在基层事业单位、实验站、中小企业实验员、野外科技工作者等人群中使用。Seed phenotype plays an important role in plant phenotype research.However,convenient and high-precision observation of small seeds has always been one of the difficulties in seed research.In order to solve this problem,the convenient and low-cost improved method of smart phone,the low popularity and high-cost multispectral seed phenotype imaging analysis system(abbreviated as Multispectral Method),and the commonly used scanner method were used to comparatively observe the phenotype of small seeds in this paper.The results showed that there was no significant difference between the length,width,area and aspect ratio of the seeds measured by the improved method of smart phone and Multispectral Method(P>0.05).However,there are significant differences among the scanner method,the Multispectral Method and the improved method of smart phone(P<0.05),and with the decrease of seed size,the scanner method could not accurately identify the seeds to be tested.Compared with Multispectral Method and scanner method,seed color and surface decoration can be accurately identified by the improved method of smart phone,which was portable and low-cost.Therefore,the improved method of smart phone was recommended for phenotypic determination of small seed whose 1000 seed weight is less than 2.8 g.The method was suitable to be used in the population of experimenters,field science and technology workers in grass-roots institutions,experimental stations and small and medium-sized enterprises.

关 键 词：小粒种子 体视显微镜 图像处理软件 种子表型 

分 类 号：S812[农业科学—草业科学]