中国油菜生产布局变迁特征及动因分析  

Analysis on the Characteristics and Motivations of Changes in the Production Layout of Rapeseed in China

作　　者：张慧琴[1] 李文文 ZHANG Huiqin;LI Wenwen(School of Economics and Management,Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University,Daqing,Heilongjiang 163319)

机构地区：[1]黑龙江八一农垦大学经济管理学院,黑龙江大庆163319

出　　处：《北方园艺》2023年第3期144-152,共9页Northern Horticulture

基　　金：2022年度省教育科学规划重点课题资助项目(GJB1422184);黑龙江八一农垦大学校博士启动基金资助项目(XDB201821);黑龙江八一农垦大学2017年度“青年创新人才”资助项目(CXRC2017019)。

摘　　要：以2000-2022年17个地区的油菜生产面板数据为材料,采用通过描述性统计分析法、空间重心分析法和面板数据计量模型,研究了中国油菜生产布局的变迁特征以及影响因素。结果表明:1)中国油菜生产优势区主要集中于长江中下游、四川盆地以及云贵高原三大区域,大部分主产省一直保持着较为稳定的生产优势;2)种植面积和产量的重心都具有明显的向西南方向移动的趋势,且“西扩”速度大于“南扩”;3)全国产区内油菜生产布局变迁受政策、非农就业机会以及有效灌溉面积影响,主产区内受政策、技术、道路运输水平和有效灌溉面积影响。综上,该研究提出:加强政策的有效性;以“三全高效”模式为抓手,把油菜产业变成区域支柱产业;加强油菜新技术推广力度,关注推广效果;完善基础设施建设。Taking the panel data of rapeseed production in 17areas from 2000to 2022as the research material,using descriptive statistical analysis,spatial center of gravity analysis and panel data econometric model to study the changing characteristics and influencing factors of China′s rapeseed production layout.The results showed that,1)China′s rapeseed production advantage areas ware mainly concentrated in the Middle and Lower Reaches of the Yangtze River,the Sichuan Basin and the Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau,and most of the major producing provinces had maintained relatively stable production advantages.2)The focus of planting area and yield all of them had a clear trend of moving to the southwest,and the‘westward expansion’speed was faster than‘southern expansion’.3)The changes in the distribution of rapeseed production in the national production areas were affected by policies,non-agricultural employment opportunities and effective irrigation area.Internally,it was affected by policy,technology,level of road transportation and effective irrigation area.Some suggestions were put forward,strengthen the effectiveness of the policy;take the‘three complete and efficient’model as the starting point to turn the rapeseed industry into a regional pillar industry;strengthen the promotion of new rapeseed technologies and pay attention to the promotion effect;improve the infrastructure construction.

关 键 词：油菜生产 布局变迁 生产规模 比较优势 

分 类 号：F326.12[经济管理—产业经济]