煤矸石在建材领域的资源化研究现状及创新利用策略  

Research status and innovative utilization strategy of coal gangue resource in building material field

作　　者：吴长亮 王文龙[1,2,3] 王旭江 李敬伟[1,2,3] WU Changliang;WANG Wenlong;WANG Xujiang;LI Jingwei(School of Energy and Power Engineering,Shandong University,Jinan 250061,China;National Engineering Laboratory for Reducing Emissions from Coal Combustion,Jinan 250061,China;Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Solid Waste Green Materials,Jinan 250061,China)

机构地区：[1]山东大学能源与动力工程学院,山东济南250061 [2]燃煤污染物减排国家工程实验室,山东济南250061 [3]山东省固废绿色材料工程实验室,山东济南250061

出　　处：《能源环境保护》2023年第1期167-177,共11页Energy Environmental Protection

基　　金：山东省重点研发计划(2020CXGC011403);国家重点研发计划(2020YFC1910000)。

摘　　要：煤矸石作为我国排放量最大的工业固废,目前累积堆存量超过70亿t。煤矸石的堆存和排放占用大量土地,污染土壤、空气和水体,造成极大的生态环境影响。当前我国煤矸石综合利用具有利用率偏低、产品单一,性能差,且大规模与高附加值难兼容等特点,现有煤矸石无害化与资源化综合利用的规模和能力明显不能满足国家对生态环境保护及“双碳”目标下对碳减排的现实要求。为推动煤矸石综合利用技术发展,本文阐述了煤矸石的成分与理化特性,从煤矸石制水泥、混凝土骨料和墙体材料等方面重点介绍了煤矸石在建材领域的资源化应用现状,其次从重金属浸出、粉尘及气体污染分析了煤矸石对生态环境的影响,最后在此基础上提出了煤矸石协同互补及两级迭代利用的创新策略及一些建议和展望。Coal gangue has been the biggest industrial solid waste discharged in our country,with the cumulative stockpile of more than 7 billion tons.The accumulation and discharge of coal gangue occupy a large amount of land,pollute the soil,air and water,and has caused a great ecological environment impact.Currently,the comprehensive utilization of coal gangue in our country has the characteristics of low utilization rate,single product,poor performance,and difficult compatibility between large-scale and high added value.The scale and ability of existing coal gangue harmless and comprehensive utilization of resource can not meet the country's practical requirement for the ecological environment protection and"double carbon"target on carbon emission reduction.In order to promote the development of comprehensive utilization technology of coal gangue,in this paper,the composition and physical and chemical characteristics of coal gangue were described,and the application status of coal gangue resource in the field of building materials was discussed including coal gangue making cement,concrete aggregate and wall materials.Secondly,the influence of coal gangue on ecological environment was analyzed from the aspects of heavy metal leaching,dust and gas pollution.Finally,on this basis,the innovative strategies of collaborative complementation and two-stage iterative utilization of coal gangue as well as some suggestions and prospects were put forward.

关 键 词：煤矸石 建材 环境影响 综合利用 

分 类 号：X705[环境科学与工程—环境工程]