2011-2020年四川省15~24岁HIV/AIDS病例流行特征分析  

Analysis of epidemiological characteristics of HIV/AIDS cases aged 15-24 years in Sichuan Province from 2011 to 2020

作　　者：孙毅 裴晓迪[2] 向成戈 刘伦皓[2] 何芳 冯燎[2] SUN Yi;PEI Xiaodi;XIANG Chengge;LIU Lunhao;HE Fang;FNEG Liao(Neijiang Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Nejiang 641000,Sichuan Province,China;Sichuan Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Chengdu 610041,Sichuan Province,China)

机构地区：[1]内江市疾病预防控制中心,四川内江641000 [2]四川省疾病预防控制中心,成都610041

出　　处：《预防医学情报杂志》2023年第2期119-127,共9页Journal of Preventive Medicine Information

基　　金：四川省现场流行病学培训项目第五期。

摘　　要：目的 分析四川省2011—2020年15~24岁HIV/AIDS病例流行和空间聚集性特征,为该人群制定防控策略提供科学依据。方法 采用描述性流行病学方法,分析描述15~24岁HIV/AIDS病例的人群、地区、时间、空间、样本来源和传播途径分布,确定时空热点区域。结果 四川省共报告15~24岁HIV/AIDS病例21 528例,以男性(72.0%)、20~24岁(77.9%)、未婚(75.5%)、汉族(61.8%)、本省户籍(95.2%)、初中及以下(56.2%)、校外青年(88.5%)人群为主。异性途径传播占52.4%,主要样本来源为医疗机构检测发现(49.3%);新报告率在2012年最低(13.7/10万),2019年最高(23.0/10万),呈上升趋势(P<0.001),青年学生上升幅度更大,从2011年的3.2/10万上升至2020年的7.3/10万(P<0.001);各年Moran’s I值均大于0,P值均小于0.001,表明四川省青年人群新报告率存在明显的空间聚集性;校外青年病例的热点区域主要集中在川西凉山州;青年学生热点区域主要集中在川中成都市,从2015年开始扩散至周边地区,凉山州、乐山市、德阳市、绵阳市和眉山市近3年来存在青年学生局部热点区域。结论 四川省青年人群艾滋病流行形势日益突出,凉山州为青年人群艾滋病防控的重点区域,成都市、乐山市、德阳市、绵阳市和眉山市为青年学生艾滋病防控的重点区域,应在重点区域内开展有针对性的预防干预措施,尽早开展预防经MSM感染和异性传播感染的性健康教育,加大主动检测力度,提高检测服务的延展性和可及性,减少HIV在该人群中的流行。Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics and spatial clustering distribution of HIV/AIDS cases aged 15-24 years in Sichuan Province from 2011 to 2020,and to provide scientific basis for HIV/AIDS prevention and control among the population.Methods Descriptive epidemiological method was used to analyze the distribution characteristics of population,region,time,space,sample source and transmission route among HIV/AIDS cases aged 15-24 years and the spatio-temporal hotspots were determined.Results A total of 21 528 HIV/AIDS cases aged 15-24 years were reported in Sichuan Province,which were mainly males(72.0%),20-24 years old(77.9%),unmarried(75.5%),Han nationality(61.8%),provincial household registration(95.2%),junior middle school or below(56.2%) and youth outside school(88.5%).Homosexual transmission was the dominating route of transmission,accounting for 52.4%,and the main source of samples was the detection of medical institutions(49.3%).The newly reported HIV/AIDS infection rate was the lowest in 2012(13.7/105),and the highest in 2019(23.0/105),with an upward trend(P0,P<0.001).The hotspots of out-of-school youth cases were mainly concentrated in Liangshan Prefecture,western Sichuan Province.While the hotspots of young students were mainly in Chengdu City of central Sichuan Province,which had spread to surrounding areas since 2015.In recent three years,there were local hotspots of young students in Liangshan,Leshan,Deyang,Mianyang and Meishan.Conclusions The epidemic situation of AIDS among young people is becoming increasingly prominent in Sichuan Province.Liangshan is a key area for HIV/AIDS prevention and control among young people,while Chengdu,Leshan,Deyang,Mianyang and Meishan are key areas for HIV/AIDS prevention and control among young students.Targeted prevention interventions should be carried out in key areas,including early sexual health education for the prevention of men-to-men infection and heterosexual transmission.And active testing should be strengthened to improve the extensibi

关 键 词：艾滋病 青年 流行特征 空间相关分析 

分 类 号：R512.91[医药卫生—内科学] R181.3[医药卫生—临床医学]