机械加工对粉末冶金铍材表面残余应力的影响  

Effect of machining on residual stress on the surface of powder metallurgy beryllium

作　　者：黄旭刚 李志年 刘兆刚 HUANG Xugang;LI Zhinian;LIU Zhaogang(State Key Laboratory of Special Rare Metal Material,Northwest Rare Metal Materials Institute,Shizuishan 753000,China)

机构地区：[1]西北稀有金属材料研究院宁夏有限公司稀有金属特种材料国家重点实验室,宁夏石嘴山753000

出　　处：《粉末冶金工业》2023年第1期73-77,共5页Powder Metallurgy Industry

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51874246)。

摘　　要：铍具有低密度、弹性模量高的特性,常用于航天结构件。粉末冶金铍材在机械加工时,表面会产生残余应力,对铍结构件的尺寸稳定性和使用寿命造成直接影响。因此,使用X-ray衍射仪测量铍材表面残余应力,测量了粗车、精车、时效工艺下残余应力沿表面的分布情况;进一步研究了不同机加工艺对铍材表面残余应力影响。结果表明,机械加工时,粉末冶金铍材残余应力均表现为压应力;残余应力与加工线速度负相关,与进刀量正相关,时效处理可有效降低铍材表面残余应力,还能有效提高残余应力的均匀性。Beryllium has the characteristics of low density and high elastic modulus. It is used in aerospace structure. The residual stress on the surface of powder metallurgy beryllium during machining has a direct effect on the dimensional stability and service life of beryllium structural parts.In this paper, the residual stress on the surface of beryllium was measured by X-ray diffractometer, and the distribution of the residual stress along the surface under the processes of roughing, finishing and aging was measured. It is found that the residual stress of beryllium in powder metallurgy is compressive stress, and the residual stress is negatively related to the linear velocity and positively related to the feed rate, it can also effectively improve the uniformity of residual stress.

关 键 词：粉末冶金铍材 结构件 X-ray衍射 残余应力 机械加工 线速度 

分 类 号：TF125[冶金工程—粉末冶金]