苏打盐碱草地不同研究尺度土壤pH值空间变异特征  

Spatial Variability of Surface Soil pH under Different Scale

作　　者：王欣慰 王洪峰[1] 吴子龙 董雪云[3] WANG Xin-wei;WANG Hong-feng;WU Zi-long;DONG Xue-yun(College of Forestry,Northeast Forestry University,Heilongjiang Harbin 150040;College of Life Science and Engineering,Handan University,Hebei Handan 056005;Harbin University,Heilongjiang Harbin 150086,China)

机构地区：[1]东北林业大学林学院,黑龙江哈尔滨150040 [2]邯郸学院生命科学与工程学院,河北邯郸056005 [3]哈尔滨学院,黑龙江哈尔滨150086

出　　处：《广州化工》2022年第24期131-135,共5页GuangZhou Chemical Industry

基　　金：2019年度河北省社科基金项目(HB19JL015)。

摘　　要：松嫩平原重度退化盐碱草地为典型的苏打盐碱土,对其不同尺度下的土壤异质性特征的了解是理解其退化过程、对其进行合理有效改造的基础。pH值的变化是土地盐碱化的一个关键性指标,本文对杜尔伯特蒙古族自治县他拉哈镇典型退化盐碱草地pH值的空间异质性在4个尺度上进行了研究,这4个尺度分别为大尺度(2.5×10^(7)m^(2),取样间隔500 m)、中尺度(5.76×10^(6)m^(2),取样间隔112 m)、小尺度(8.75×10^(4)m^(2),取样间隔1 m)和微尺度(42m^(2),取样间隔0.5 m)。结果表明:只有大尺度取样时符合正态分布,其他尺度均不符合正态分布。从大尺度到微尺度的变异系数分别为16%、6.7%、11.9%和10.1%。中尺度和微尺度下随机变异所占比例均比较小,都表现为强空间自相关的特点,大尺度和小尺度为中等空间自相关。在大尺度取样时对pH值的预测不够准确。中尺度取样时预测值有相当的参考价值。小尺度和微尺度取样时预测值精度高,四个研究尺度下松嫩草地土壤pH值的变程为4~5 km、200 m左右、170 m左右和小于1 m。综合四个尺度的空间特征,研究地的盐碱化草地形成约为2.5×10^(7)m^(2)的大尺度斑块,每个斑块内约有1千个约4×10^(4)m^(2)的pH值变化单位,土壤pH值和植物之间在小于1 m的尺度上相互作用,采取保护和改良措施也应以此尺度下土壤的变化为基础。There is a growing proportion of alkaline-saline grassland in Song-Nen Plain recently. Understanding the progress of soil degradation and improving the soil is based on the knowledge of the spatial variability under different scale. pH is the key parameter of alkaline-salinization of soil and it connected with other parameters and influences them. The spatial variability of surface soil pH was researched under 4 different scales(large scale, meso scale, small scale, micro scale) in Du Er Bert Mongolian National Minority Autonomous County Talaha town, making traditional statistical analysis by SPSS and calculating semi variance by GS+. The value of any point was estimated by Surfer 8.0 and ENVI, and the accuracy was evaluated by R^(2) and residual sum of squares. The result showed that CV, from large scale to micro scale, was 16%, 6.7%, 11.9% and 10.1%. Scale spatial variability had strong scale correlation and had a low level of random variation in meso scale and micro scale. R^(2) improved from large scale to micro scale, the biggest residual sum of squares appeared when taking sample in small scale however. It had a poor accuracy of estimating the value of any point when taking sample in large scale(large interval), and had a high accuracy when taking sample in micro scale(micro interval). The range in the 4 scale was 4~5 km, about 200 m, and less than 1 m. The plot was implied which dimmering was less than 1 m might be the real unit that brought the change of pH in Song-Nen grassland, so the measures for preventing the grassland degradation and improving ecological environment should base on this scale.

关 键 词：尺度 PH值 空间变异 

分 类 号：S152.481[农业科学—土壤学]