高精度电阻应变称重降雨传感器设计  

Design of high⁃precision resistance strain weighing rain sensor

作　　者：黄飞龙 邹庆彪 曾慧明 HUANG Feilong;ZOU Qingbiao;ZENG Huiming(Guangdong Meteorological Observation Data Center,Guangzhou 510080,China)

机构地区：[1]广东省气象探测数据中心,广东广州510080

出　　处：《现代电子技术》2023年第6期39-43,共5页Modern Electronics Technique

基　　金：广东省重点领域研发计划项目(2020B0101130021);广东省气象局科学技术研究重点项目(GRMC2020Z04)。

摘　　要：针对双翻斗雨量传感器易被灰尘堵塞从而失效,且强降雨时误差会逐渐增大等问题,文中采用电阻应变测量技术,设计一种称重式降雨传感器。感应部分采用高精度的惠斯通全桥测量电路消除热零点漂移和热灵敏度漂移,信号放大调理电路具有参考电压,可消除供电波动。结构设计中承水器和储水器的水流通孔直径为12mm,两者的高差最大为176.4mm,流通能力和容量远远大于4mm/min强降雨测量的需求。嵌入式固件通过精确的双阀门自动排水时序控制流程确保测量、储水和排水之间协调联动,避免漏测和误测。使用气象业务雨量校准仪对该传感器进行测试,结果表明在1mm/min和4mm/min两种雨强下,测量误差均小于0.4mm,优于传统的双翻斗测量方法。电阻应变技术创新性地应用于暴雨自动观测,能够提高数据的可靠性和准确性。In allusion to the shortcomings that the double tipper rain sensor is easy to be blocked by dust,which may cause failure,and its error will gradually increaseduring heavy rainfall,a weighing rain sensor is designed by means of resistance strain measurement technology.In the sensing part,the high⁃precision Wheatstone full⁃bridge measurement circuit is used to eliminate the thermal zero drift and thermal sensitivity drift.The signal amplification and conditioning circuit has a reference voltage,which can be used to eliminate the power supply fluctuation.In the structural design,the through⁃holediameter of the water flow of the water bearer and water receiver is 12 mm,and the maximum height difference between them is 176.4 mm.The flow capacity and volume are far greater than the needs of measurement for 4 mm/min heavy rainfall.The embedded firmware can ensure the coordination and linkage among measurement,water storage and drainage by means of the precise timing control process of dual⁃valve automatic drainage,so as to avoid missing measurement and wrong measurement.The sensor was tested with the meteorological operational rainfall calibrator.The results show that the measurement error is less than 0.4 mm at the two rain intensities of 1 mm/min and 4 mm/min,which is better than the traditional double tipping bucket measurement method.The resistance strain technology can improve the reliability and accuracy of the data when it is innovatively applied to the automatic observation of rainstorm.

关 键 词：雨量传感器 电阻应变 测量电路 雨量称重 信号调理 电动球阀 

分 类 号：TN711-34[电子电信—电路与系统] TP23[自动化与计算机技术—检测技术与自动化装置]